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Mitral stenosis
echo 4571A
Q: | A: |
---|---|
Mitral stenosis- 4 causes (etiology): | a)Rheumatic fever – most common b)Severe Mitral Annular Calcification (MAC) – elderly patients c)Congenital anomalies – uncommon d) LA mass, tumor, or vegetation – creates secondary MS |
The most common cause of MS: | Rheumatic fever |
4 Clinical signs and symptoms of mitral stenosis | Dyspnea upon exertion, Hemoptysis, Chest pain, Heart sound (murmur) |
The most common symptom of MS: | Dyspnea upon exertion |
Second most common symptom of MS: | Hemoptysis |
"Definitive sign of MS": | Heart murmur with opening snap & diastolic rumble |
2D findings – Mitral Stenosis: | Diastolic doming (hockey stick), Commissural fusion, Thickening of the mitral valve leaflets, Anterior motion of the PMVL due to stenosis, Decreased MV orifice, LA/RA/RV enlargement |
what is planimetry? | Tracing to get a valve area |