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World Religions2011
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Trimurti | Hindu gods Brahma, Shiva, Vishnu |
| Brahma | Hindu Creator God |
| Shiva | Hindu God of Fertility and destruction |
| Vishnu | Hindu Preserver of the universe 10 Avatars Matsya, Kurma, Varaha (animals), Narasimha (man-lion), Vamana (dwarf), Parasurama, Rama, Krishna, Siddhartha Gautama, Kalki (men) |
| Hindu Ways to salvation | Works (Karma) Knowledge (Jyana) Devotion (Bhakti) |
| Hindu Scriptures | Shruti(4 vedas, Upanishads, Aranyakas, Brahmanas), Smriti (contains everything else, especially Mahabharata and Ramayana) |
| Bhagavad Gita | Part of Mahabharata; Song Celestial concerning Krishna, who as an avatar of the god Vishnu, teaches the ways of salvation, particularly through devotion (Arjuna-Chariot) |
| Modern Hinduism | Hare Krishna (ISKCON)(One of a very few proselyting Indian Religions) |
| Ahimsa | Noninjury, nonviolence, noncoercion, reverence for all life |
| Aryans | Pastoral nomads who migrated to India and conquered the Dravidians, beginning Caste system |
| Atman | Eternal self/soul The self or inner essence of the universe and of man |
| The Absolute-the ultimate ground underlying everything-the reality that is the source of all being and all knowing | Brahman |
| Consorts of Shiva | Durga (mother and warrior) Kali (divine mother;the goddess of destruction-mother of life and destroyer) Parvati (perfect woman) |
| Ganesha | Lord of Ganas-elephant headed son of Shiva and Parvati |
| Rig Veda | First religious text, first of the four vedas |
| Indiginous people of India | Dravidians |
| To Transcend this life and gain release from the cycle of rebirths in Hinduism | Moksha |
| Saddhu | Religious Ascetic, given to meditation and wandering |
| Namaste | Greeting the god within each other |
| Jainism's Founder | Mahavira (born to rich Kshatriya [Warrior Caste], his mother had 14 auspicious dreams) |
| Digambara Svetambara | Two schools of thought in Jainism |
| More conservative Jains, naked monks,... | Digambara |
| Svetambara | Less Conservative Jains, white monks |
| Thirtankara | "Ford-Finders": find release from life, free from defects such as hunger, thirst, need for sleep, fear, disease, and aging. Mahavira is the last of 24. Lead the way for others |
| Karma-Matter | The amount of Karma one has acquired, which determines the direction their entity moves |
| 1. Never take life 2. Never be untruthful 3. Never take what is not given 4. Never be unchaste 5. Never be attached to anything | Jain Monastic Vows |
| Three Pillars of Jainism | Right Faith, Right Conduct, Right Knowledge Ahimsa, Asceticism, Meditation |
| Kashaya | Attraction-makes karma stick to an individual-having more builds desire for more (like greed, lust, pride-insatiable) Only way to stop it is self-denial |
| Jiva | semblence of identity (individual entities inside the collective soul in Jainism) |
| Angas, Siddhanta Agamas | Svetambara central scriptures, Digambara Scripture (respectively) |
| Buddhism's Founder | Siddhartha Gautama |
| Thunder Bolt Buddhism | Vajrayana (Tibetan) |
| Amitabha | Buddha of Boundless Light, Lord of the Western Paradise |
| Greater Vehicle Buddhism Different Schools: Amitabha(pure land-western paradise) Nichiren(sociopolitical) Zen(Meditative) | Mahayana |
| Theravada | Historical Conservative Buddhism Way of the Monks |
| Messiah Buddha | Maitreya |
| Medicine Buddha | Bhaisajyaguru |
| Vairocana | Cosmic Buddha |
| Avalokitesvara | Bodhisatva that embodies compassion of all Buddhas, incarnate in the Dalai Lama |
| Zen | Religion of Japanese Samurai |
| Theravada Main Scriptures (Three Baskets) | Tripitaka |
| Mahayana Main Scripture (particularly in Nichiren and Tantai Schools) | Lotus Suttra |
| Repeated sacred words/chant | Mantra |
| Four Noble Truths in Buddhism | 1. Life is suffering/pain 2. Suffering comes from appetites and desires 3. Appetites can be overcome 4. The way to overcome them is through the 8-fold or middle path |
| White elephant | Animal associated with Siddhartha's conception |
| Buddhism Schools | Theravada (southern) Mahayana (Northern) Vajrayana (Tibet) |
| Nirvana | Release from the cycle of rebirths (Buddhism) |
| Bodhisattva | Mahayana Buddhism-Helping beings, putting off personal Nirvana until everyone else has achieved it. (Especially the Dalai Lama) |
| Sikh Founder | Guru Nanak |
| Sikh Leaders | 10 Gurus Teachers |
| Last Guru Founded the Khalsa | Gobind Singh |
| Sikh Scriptures | Guru Granth Sahib |
| Khalsa Panj Piare | "The Pure Ones", True Disciples, Sant-Sapahi Males Take on the name "Singh" (Lion) Females the name "Kaur" (Princess) Has decision making power "Five Beloved Ones" |
| Khalsa Rules | Baptism: Amrit and two-edged sword Wherever there are 5, it is a whole Khalsa Wear 5 marks No class distinctions Honesty, Tithing, no gambling, theft, or tobacco/alcohol, regard others as members of own family |
| 5 marks of the Khalsa | Kesh-Hair Kanga-Comb Kaccha-Undergarments Karn-Bangles Kirpan-Dagger |
| Sikh Greeting | Sat Sri Akal-God is Truth WaheGurujiKaKhalsa, Wahegurujikaakal |
| Truth is High, but Higher still is Truthful living | Amrit-Cleansing Externally&Internally Drink or Nectar used for baptism |
| Seva Simran/NamSimran | Service Meditation/Chanting Waheguru |
| Gurdwara | Temple Darbar Hall, Guru Granth Sahib, Langar (communal kitchen) |
| "Sangat Sits in Pangat" | The congregation sits together, equally |
| Hukam | God's Will-flip open the book, read what you see, that is what God wants you to do for the day. |
| Akand Path | Continuous reading of the Guru Granth, for special occasions, whole families participate |
| Raghi Khirta | Spiritual Sikh Musicians Singing of Raghis |
| Operation Blue Star | 1984-shoot out an extremist inside the temple, ends a massacre, Indira Ghandi assassinated, Huge massacre of Sikhs-unchecked rioting... |
| Punjab Amritsar | State of Sikhs Capital City |
| Haumai | The Natural man/arm of flesh/pride/self-reliance, not god reliance (all of these are bad-humility and submissiveness to God&Spirit are core values) |
| Sikh God | "The True Name" Waheguru (great teacher) |
| Dharma | duty, righteous living |
| "A Man filled with the love of God is not content with blessing his family alone, but ranges through the whole world, anxious to bless the whole of the human race | Joseph Smith |
| What a monster is prejudice! It means prejudging. How many of us are guilty of it? Often we need only to test ourselves. Our expressions, our voice tones, our movements, our thoughts betray us. | Spencer W. Kimball |
| We ought always to be aware of those prejudices which sometimes so strangely present themselves against our friends, neighbors, and brethren of the world who choose to differ from us in opinion and matters of faith. Our religion is between us and our God. | Their religion is between them and their God. Our faith gives scope to the mind, which enables us to conduct ourselves with greater liberality towards all that are not of our faith. Joseph Smith |
| My policy has always been one of friendship. The latter-day Saints have had enemies enough. I respond with my feelings of love and respect to my friends who have been critical of me and my religion. They are my brothers and sisters, and I can harbor no | feelings of ill will against them (in response to attacks by people in the reogranized church) George Albert Smith |
| We want to be good neighbors; we want to be good friends. We feel we can differ theologically with people without being disagreeable in any sense. we have many friends and many associations with people who are not of our faith, with whom we dealconstantly | and we have a wonderful relationship. Be friendly. Be understanding. Be tolerant. Be considerate. Be respectful of opinions and feelings of other people. Recognize their virtues; don't look for their faults. Look for their strengths and their virtues, |
| and you will find strength and virtues that will be helpful in your own life. | Gordon B. Hinckley |
| Seek Learning by Study and faith that you might be instructed more perfectly in all things in heaven and in the earth, things which have been, things which are, things which must shortly come to pass. Things which are at home, things which are abroad, the | wars and perplexities of the nations, and a knowledge also of countries and of kingdoms. D&C 88 |
| Syncretism | Incorporating new religious ideas into existing faiths |
| Monism | the eternal, unchanging, infinite, immanent, and transcendent reality which is the Divine Ground of all matter, energy, time, space, being, and everything beyond in this Universe. |
| Taoism Founder | Lao Tzu |
| Tao Text | Tao De Ching |
| Founder of Confucianism | Confucius |
| Confucian Texts The Five Classics The Four Books | Shu Ching (Book of History) Shih Ching (Book of Poetry) Ching (Book of Changes Ch'un Ch'iu (Spring and Autumn Annals) Li Chi (Book of Ritual) Lun Yu (Analects) Chung Yung (Doctrine of the Mean) Ta Hsueh (Great Learning) Meng Tzu (Book of Mencius |
| The "Most important single source of the life and verbatim sayings of Confucius..." | The Analects |
| Shinto | Japanese Religion Directly Translated: Way of God |
| Protocol, Propriety, Proper Ritual, Manners | Li |
| True Correspondence between words and realities, between titles and behavior, rectification of names | Cheng Ming |
| "Gods" in Japanese | Kami |
| Love, Benevolence, Goodness | Jen |
| The True, Perfect, or Ideal Person (Confucianism) | Chun Tzu |
| The Five Elements Theory wood-fire-earth-metal-water Orders used to explain the progression of change (Tao) | Wu-Hsing |
| Respects and Obedience for elders (Especially Parents) | Hsiao (Filial Piety) |
| Central Harmony, The Golden Mean (Confucianism) | Chug Yung |
| Wu-Wei (Tao) | Non-action, going with the flow-acceptance, but not laziness |
| Shinto Texts "Record of Ancient Matters" | Kojiki |
| Izanagi | Shinto mythological primal man, Kami of the Sky |
| Shinto Mythological first woman, Kami of the Earth | Izanami |
| Shinto Goddess astounded by her own beauty and direct ancestor of Japanese Emperor | Amaterasu |
| Zoroastrian Redeemer, Messiah Figure | Saoshyant |
| Zoroastrian Evil Entity (Hostile Spirit) | Angra Mainyu |
| Zoroastrian Supreme Being, Creator of the World (Lord of Wisdom) | Ahura Mazda |
| Zoroastrian "Guardian Angel" | Fravashi |
| Shinto Festivals | Matsuri |
| Zoroastrian Texts/Scriptures | Avestas |
| Code of the Samurai | Bushido |
| Torah | Main Jewish Text/Pentateuch |
| Ceremony of initiation for Zoroastrian kids coming of age | Navejot |
| Bar/Bat Mitzvah | Ceremony of initiation for Jewish kids |
| Jewish New Year | Rosh Hashana |
| Day of Atonement (Judaism) | Yom Kippur |
| Seven Day Festival in Spring celebrating exodus from Egypt | Passover |
| Means Fit, usually refers to a proper Jewish diet | Kosher |
| Seder | The name for the Passover Meal |
| The Foundational writings of an orthodox Jewish life (Regarding Law, Lore, and Lifestyle) | Talmud |
| Two Promises given to Abraham as part of his covenant | Seed as numerous as the sand/stars A land of Promise |
| Kippah | Yarmulke/Head covering in Jewish culture |
| Tallit | Prayer Shawl |
| 95 Theses tacked to a door, originated in Germany | Lutheran |
| Arose from Anglicanism in Britain against predestination; also emphasized small congregationis with itinerate preachers | Methodism |
| Calvinism | Origin in Geneva, Switzerland; Belief in predestination and "Total Depravity" of man. |
| Quakers | George Fox was the founder of this religion, authority or inspiration and revelation |
| Ecumenical Movement | Reuniting Catholicism and Orthodoxy |
| Eucharist | Catholic Sacrament of Bread and Wine |
| 5 Pillars of Islam Shahada Salat Sawm Zagat Hajj | Creed (There is one God, Muhammad is His Messenger) Daily Prayers (5 Times Daily) Fasting During Ramadan Almsgiving Pilgrimage to Mecca once during lifetime |
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smellyjelly33
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