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STAT chpt 1

QuestionAnswer
biased sampling method a sampling method that produces data that systematically differ from the sampled population.
cluster sample a sample obtained by stratifying the population, or sampling frame, and then selecting some or all of the items from some, but not all, of the strata.
continuous variable a quantitative variable that can assume an uncountable number of values.
data the set of values collected from the variable from each of the elements that belong to the sample.
data value the value of the variable associated with one element of a population or sample. This value may be a number, a word, or a symbol.
discrete variable a quantitative variable that can assume a countable number of values.
experiment a planned activity whose results yield a set of data.
finite population a population whose membership can or could be physically listed.
infinite population a population whose membership is unlimited.
judgment samples samples that are selected on the basis of being judged “typical.”
multistage random sampling a sample design in which the elements of the sampling frame are subdivided and the sample is chosen in more than one stage.
nominal variable a qualitative variable that characterizes (or describes, or names) an element of a population.
ordinal variable a qualitative variable that incorporates an ordered position, or ranking.
parameter a numerical value summarizing all the data of an entire population.
population a collection, or set, of individuals, objects, or events whose properties are to be analyzed.
probability samples samples in which the elements to be selected are drawn on the basis of probability. Each element in a population has a certain probability of being selected as part of the sample.
proportional stratified sample a sample obtained by stratifying the population, or sampling frame, and then selecting a number of items in proportion to the size of the strata from each strata by means of a simple random sampling technique.
qualitative variable a variable that describes or categorizes an element of a population.
quantitative (or numerical) variable a variable that quantifies an element of a population.
sample a subset of a population.
sampling frame a list, or set, of the elements belonging to the population from which the sample will be drawn.
simple random sample a sample selected in such a way that every element in the population or sampling frame has an equal probability of being chosen. Equivalently, all samples of size n have an equal chance of being selected.
statistic a numerical value summarizing the sample data.
statistics the science of collecting, describing, and interpreting data.
systematic sample a sample in which every kth item of the sampling frame is selected, starting from a first element, which is randomly selected from the first k elements.
variable a characteristic of interest about each individual element of a population or sample.
Created by: empire2311
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