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CADD-2 Lesson 9

Architecture Careers Chapters 1, and 7 thru 9

QuestionAnswer
Beginning Drafter Entry level position to gain experience and skill
Experienced Drafter Expected to make construction decisions based on initial designs
Designer May work under an architect and as a coordinator of many drafters
Architect Designs residential and commercial buildings - Must be licensed to practice
Engineer Work is more technical and requires high level of math and science
Illustrator Combines artistic and architectural skills to produce drawings
Model Maker Follows plans to build scale models
Specification Writer Understands the construction process to write necessary details of the plans
Inspector Checks plans to ensure codes and laws have been followed
Financial Considerations Estimates for labor and material costs are calculated
Initial Contact The designers and client meet to discuss design ideas, Wants & Needs, fees, schedules, and ensure personalities are compatible
Preliminary Design Studies Rooms must be considered throughout this stage and may include room usage, furniture layout, and size requirements
Initial Working Drawings A drafter begins to make working drawings that include the foundation, plot, roof, electrical, cabinet, and framing plans
Final Design Considerations A conference with the client is needed to discuss the initial working drawings
Permit Procedures Once all plans are complete appropriate permits must be secured before construction begins
Job Supervision Although not usually done by the designer, sometimes he/she is required to go to the site and solve problems.
IRC International Residential Code
HUD Department of Housing and Urban Development
FHA Federal Housing Authority
Zoning Ordinances Are laws or regulations designed to provide safety and convenience for the public and to preserve or improve the environment.
3 Common Zones Residential, Commercial, and Industrial
R-3 residential zone includes hotels, apartments, and private residents with more than 10 inhabitants must be accessible
Living Area These rooms include: entry/foyer, living room, family room, dining room, den/study/office, and nook
Main Entry is the focal point of the house and provides protection against the weather
Service entry is used by the family between the house and garage, yard, or service areas
Foyer Used to greet guests, hang coats, and provide access to the rest of the home. Should create a warm, inviting feeling and enhance traffic flow. Keep proportional in size to the rest of the house.
Living Room Usually placed near the entry and used for formal entertaining.
Family Room Most used room in the house for a variety of activities.
Dining Room Located near the kitchen for easy serving and the living room for easy passage, main purpose is for sharing a family meal.
Home theaters are used to show high-quality movies for about 8 to 12 people
Nook Should be near the dining and kitchen areas for family meals
Sleeping Area Number of bedrooms will depend on the wants & needs of the family as well as the budget.
Service Area These rooms include bath, kitchen, and utility rooms and garage
Half-bath lavatory and toilet
Three-quarter half-bath plus a shower
Full bath half-bath plus a tub/shower
Bathroom suite full bath plus enlarged tub, usually part of a Master Suite
Kitchen Food Preparation area. Locate near dining area. Keep near garage or carport for easy grocery unloading.
Cleaning Center Includes sink, garbage disposal, and dishwasher
Work Triangle Formed by drawing a line between the preparation, storage, and cleaning areas
Storage Area Refrigerator, Cabinets, and Pantry
Preparation Area Includes range, stove, grills, and adjoining counter tops.
Straight Kitchen Used in small units
Corridor or Galley Kitchen Cabinets are on two parallel walls that are at least 48” apart
L-Shaped kitchen Cabinets are on adjacent walls and helps eliminate traffic
U-Shaped Kitchen Ideal for large kitchens with at least 60” between facing cabinets
Peninsula kitchen An additional leg is added to an L- or U-shaped kitchen design
Island Kitchen Added to any kitchen design and provides additional counter space
Utility Room Space needed for cleaning and caring for clothes and long term storage. Place near the kitchen and Service Entry.
Garage or Carport Minimum space for two cars is 21’ x 21'. Ideal space is 24’ x 24’
Traffic Flow The route people follow as they move from one area to another
Sunroom or Solarium is used to bring the outside into the interior living areas
Porch Enclosed Patio or Deck
Balcony is above ground that projects from a wall or building with no additional supports
Patio is a ground-level outdoor living space made of concrete, stone, brick, or a combination of materials.
Elements of Design Line, Form, Color, Texture, Rhythm, Balance, Proportion, and Unity
Line Provides a sense of direction or movement of the structure
Form Created by lines and used to accentuate specific features
Color Distinguishes exterior materials and accent shape
Texture Refers to the roughness or smoothness of an object
Rhythm Leads the eye from one place to another in an orderly fashion
Informal Balance Objects are non-symmetrical, however provide for relationships between features.
Formal Balance Relationship between various areas of the structure are symmetrical.
Proportion Relates to the size and balance
Unity Relates to rhythm, balance, and proportion
Egress An unobstructed way to get from any occupied portion of a building or other structure to an area of safety. Local Code requires windows to be a min. 36x62
Created by: tmurphy
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