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Soc 280 test 2
terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Adoption | a legal process through which the rights and duties of parenting are transferred from a child's biological and/or legal parents to new legal parents. The adopted child has all the rights of a biological child. |
| Blended Families | a family that consists of a husband and wife, children from previous marriages, and children if any from the new marriage. |
| Capitalism | an economic system charaterized by private ownership of the means of production, from which personal profits can be derived through market competition and without government intervention. |
| Child abuse and neglect | physical or mental injury, sexual abuse, or negligent treatment of a child under teh age of 18 by a person who is responsible for the child's welfare. |
| Corporate crime | illegal acts committed by corporate employees on behalf of the corporation and with its support. |
| Corporate welfare | the government helps industries and private corporations in their economic pursuits. |
| Cultural literacy | yhr rxtent to which a person possesses basic information needed to thrive in the modern world. |
| Democracy | a political system in which the people hold the ruling power either directly or through elected representives. |
| Deviance | a behavior, belief, or condition that violates social norms. |
| Divorce | the legal process of dissolving a marriage that allows former spouses to remarry if they so choose. |
| Dual-earner marriages | marriages in which both spouses are in the labor force. |
| Economy | the social institution that ensures that a society will be maintatined through its production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. |
| Education | the social institution responsible fro transmitting knowledge, skills, and cultural values in a formally organized structure. |
| Extended families | a family unit composed of relatives in addition to parents and children, all of whom live in the same household. |
| Families | relationships in which people live together with commitment, form an economic unit and care for any young, and consider the group critical to their identity. |
| Family of orientation | the family that a person is born and in which early socialization takes place. |
| Family of procreation | the family that a person forms by having or adopting children. |
| Government | a formal organization that has legal and political authority to regulate relationships among people in a society and between the society and others outside its borders. |
| Hegemonic masculinity | dominant form of masculinity at that time; constructed in relation to femininities as well as subordinate or marginalized |
| Hidden curriculum | how certain cultural values and attitudes, such as conformity and obediance to authority, are transmitted through implied demands in the everyday rules and routines of schools. |
| Juvenile delinquency | a violation of law or the commission of a status offense by a young person under a specific age. |
| Kinship | a social network of people based on common ancestry, marriage, or adoption. |
| Latent functions | hidden, unstated, and sometimes unintented consequences of activities in an organization or institution. |
| Manifest functions | open, stated, and intended goals or consequences of activities within an organization or institution. |
| Media industries | major businesses that own ,interests, in radio and television production and broadcasting; movie, theaters, and music co; newspaper, magazine, and book publishing; and internet services and content providers that influence people and cultures worldwide |
| Mixed economy | an econmic system that combines elements of both capitalism (a market econ.) and socialsim (a command econ.). |
| Monogamy | a marriage between one woman and one man. |
| Monopoly | a situation that exists when a single firm controls an industry and accounts for all sales in a specific market. |
| Occupational (white collar) crime | illegal activities committed by people in the course of their employment or normal business activity. |
| Oligopoly | a situation in which a small number of companies or suppliers control an entire industry or service. |
| Organized crime | a business operation that supplies illegal goods and services for profits. |
| Political action committees | special interest groups that fund campaigns to help elect or defeat canidates based on their positions on specific issues. |
| Political economy | the interdependant workings abd interests of political and economic systems. |
| Politics | the social institution through which power is acquired and excercised by some people and groups. |
| Primary sector production | the extraction of raw materials and natural resources from the enviroment |
| Primary socialization | socialization of basic knowledge and values |
| Property crime | the taking of money or property from another without force, the threat of force, or the destruction or property. |
| Second shift | the domestic work that many employed women perform at home after completing their work day on the job |
| Secondary sector production | the processesing of raw materials (from the primary sector) into finished products. |
| Secondary socialization | following primary that emphasizes synthesis, creativity, logic, emotional control, and advanced knowledge. |
| Social control | the systematic practices developed by social groups to encourage conformity and discourage deviance |
| Social institution | a system of patterned and predictable ways of thinking and behaving-beliefs, values, attitudes and norms - concerning important apsects of people's lives in society |
| Socialism | an economic system charaterized by public ownership of the means of production, the pursuit of collective goals, and centralized desicion making. |
| Socialization | the process by which society influneces members to internalize attitudes, beliefs, values, and expectations. |
| Sterotypes | overgeneralizations about the appearance, behavior, or other characteristic of all members of a group. |
| Tracking | assigning students to specific courses and educational programs on the basis of their test scores, previous grades or both. |
| Violent crime | actions involving force or the threat of force against others. |
Created by:
bmg4