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FTSS 1
Respiratory Emergencies: Patho - Related to ventilation, diffusion, perfusion.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Diffusion | Process of gas exchange. |
| Ventilation | Process of air movement into and out of the lungs. |
| Perfusion | Process of circulation of the blood through the lung tissues(capillary bed). |
| [ventilation problem] Upper airway obstruction | [ventilation example] Foreign body, epiglottis |
| [ventilation problem] Lower airway obstruction | [ventilation example] Asthma, airway edema |
| [ventilation problem] Chest wall impairment | [ventilation example] Trauma, muscular dystrophy |
| [ventilation problem] Neurogenic dysfunction | [ventilation example] Central nervous system (CNS)- depressant drugs, stroke |
| [diffusion problem] Inadequate oxygen in ambient air | [diffusion example] Fire environment, carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning |
| [diffusion problem] Alveolar disorder | [diffusion example] Lung disease,inhalation injury |
| [diffusion problem] Interstitial space disorder | [diffusion example] Pulmonary edema, near-drowning |
| [diffusion problem] Capillary bed disorder | [diffusion example] Severe artherosclerosis |
| [perfusion problem] Inadequate blood volume or hemoglobin levels | [perfusion example] Shock, anemia |
| [perfusion problem] Impaired circulatory blood flow | [perfusion example] Pulmonary embolus |
| [perfusion problem] Capillary wall disorder | [perfusion example] Trauma |
| For ventilation to occur, the following must be intact: | - Neurological control (to initiate ventilation) - Nerves between the brain stem and the muscles of respiration - Functional diaphragm and intercostal muscles - Patent upper airway - Alveoli that are functional and have not collapsed |
| For diffusion to occur, the following must be intact: | - Alveolar and capillary walls that are not thickened - Interstitial space between the alveoli and capillary wall that is not enlarged or filled with fluid |
| For perfusion to occur, the following must be intact: | - Adequate blood volume - Adequate hemoglobin in the blood - Pulmonary capillaries that are not blocked - Efficient pumping by the heart that provides a smooth flow of blood through the pulmonary capillary bed |
Created by:
cashflowlg
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