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Clin Lab Proced.12
FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Clostridium Botulinum produces the toxin botulinum which is the most potent of which type of toxin? | Neurotoxin |
| What federal agency creates workplace safety regulations? | OSHA - Occupational Safety and Health Administration |
| What type of laboratory performs routine chemical and microscopic tests on blood, body fluids, and tissues? | Clinical Laboratory |
| Who is responsible for identifying employees at risk of exposure to blood or OPIM in the workplace? | The employer |
| What symbol or abbreviation represents the milligram? | mg. |
| What is the prefix used to indicate one-thousandth of a unit? | Milli- |
| Which family of viruses causes Ebola and Marburg hemmorrhagic fevers? | Flivovirus |
| What is the central laboratory for the national public health system? | CDC - Center for Disease Control and Prevention |
| What special work device provides protection while working with infectious materials, especially in microbiology? | Biological safety cabinet |
| What is the name for a method of preventing the spread of disease from the healthy population? | Isolation |
| Is fibrinogen absent from plasma or serum? | Serum |
| Pneumonic, septicemic, and bubonic are three forms of _______________ | Plague |
| What are the major types of hazards in the laboratory? | Physical, Chemical and Biological |
| Which governmental agency oversees public health care matters in the United States? | DHHS - Department of Health and Human Services |
| What is an infection that is acquired in a hospital or other healthcare facility? | Nosocomial |
| Bovine Spongiform encephalopathy is also known as: | Mad cow disease |
| What is the symbol or abbreviation for a nanogram? | ng. |
| The infectious form of a virus is a: | Virion |
| What is the international, nonprofit organization that establishes standards of best current practice for clinical laboratories? | CLSI - Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute |
| What is the virus that causes hepatitis C? | HCV |
| What is a pathological condition caused by the growth of microorganisms in a host? | Infection |
| What is the metric unit of distance? | Meter |
| Avian Influenza is a problem for humans because humans have no known: | Immunity |
| The metric abbreviation mL stands for: | Milliliters |
| What type of chemical is used on living tissue to inhibit the growth of microbes? | Antiseptic |
| What process is used to kill or inactivate living organisms and viruses? | Sterilization |
| What unit of measure is the metric system based on? | Meter |
| Acts of terrorism involving threats to such things as food, animals, and crops are known as: | Aggroterrorism |
| Programs in which laboratories are sent blind samples which are analyzed, reported, and compared to the results from other laboratories are called: | PT - Proficiency Testing Programs |
| Something that is capable of causing damage or injury to a host is: | Pathogenic |
| A person who harbors an organism, has no symptoms or signs of disease, but capable of spreading the organism to others is a: | Carrier |
| The symbol μ (Mu) is the abbreviation for: | Micro |
| The Variola virus causes which disease? | Smallpox |
| Standard precautions is a set of CDC guidelines designed to protect patients and healthcare workers by regarding all patients and body substances as potentially: | Infectious |
| What U.S. governmental agency is charged with planning for natural and human-made disasters as well as preventing potential terror threats? | US DHS - U.S. Department of Homeland Security |
| Protective isolation is also called: | Reverse isolation |
| Who is the person who is responsible for the day-to-day operation of a clinical laboratory? | Laboratory Manager |
| Performing testing near the patient rather than in the traditional laboratory setting is called: | POCT - Point of care testing |
| The prefix used to indicate one-hundredth of a unit is: | Centi- |
| The abbreviation for the unit centimeter is: | cm. |
| Inanimate objects such as bed rails, linens, or eating utensils that can be contaminated with microorganisms are: | Fomites |
| The development of multi-drug resistant strains of Mycobacterium has allowed the re-emergence of the disease: | Tuberculosis |
| In the laboratory, what is the liquid in which substances can be dissolved into called? | Solvent |
| A slender tube made of glass or plastic that is used in the laboratory for measuring and transferring liquids is a: | Pipette |
| The revolving unit on a microscope to which the objective lenses are attached is called the: | Nosepiece |
| What is the measure of the spread of a population of values around the mean in statistical analysis? | Standard Deviation |
| For maximum safety during centrifugation, tubes should remain capped to avoid the formation of: | Aerosols |
| If microscope has objectives that can be interchanged without varying the instrument's focus, it is said to be: | Parfocal |
| In statistical analysis, an abrupt change in one direction from the established mean is a: | Shift |
| The magnifying lens closest to the object being viewed with a microscope is the: | Objective |
| The apparatus located below the microscope stage that directs light into the objective is the: | Condenser |
| A chemical solution of a known concentration that can be used as a reference or calibration substance is a: | Standard |
| A microscope having two oculars or eyepieces is: | Binocular |
| The sum of a set of values divided by the number of values in the set is the: | Mean (Average) |
| A liquid, solid, or gas dissolved into a liquid to make up a solution is: | Solute |
| How close a determined or measured value is to the true or actual value is expressed by the: | Accuracy |
| Water that had had most of the mineral ions removed is: | Deionized Water |
| The term that expresses the closeness of obtained or measured values to each other is the: | Precision |
| What is the quality control chart used in the laboratory to record daily quality control values: | Levey-Jennings |
| What kind of specimen is required to asses kidney function? | 24-hour urine specimen |
| In an un-refrigerated urine sample, ammonia from the break down of urea will sometimes be formed. This happens when what is present in the urine? | Bacteria |
| The presence of large numbers of RBCs in the urine is: | Hematuria |
| What is the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder? | Ureter |
| A urine sample cannot be tested within 1 hour of the collection time. How should it be stored until is can be tested? | Refrigerated |
| What is the confirmatory test for ketones? | Acetest |
| What is the functional unit of the kidney? | Nephron |
| If a urine sample turns dark or black upon standing, what is it likely to contain? | Melanin |
| When urine sediment is examined under the microscope, what can be mistaken for red blood cells? | Yeasts |
| What is the canal through which urine is carried from the urinary bladder to the outside? | Urethra |
| What is the product of fat lipid metabolism? | Ketones |
| The solids that settle to the bottom of a liquid are known as: | Sediment |
| What hormones are produced by the kidney? | Erythropoietin, Renin, and Active Vitamin D3 |
| What is the vaginal parasite that is found in urine and that moves through the action of slender lash-like appendages known as flagella? | Trichamonis Vaginallis |
| What is the specific gravity of distilled water? | 1.000 |
| What are solutions, usually made from human serum and with a known concentration of the same constituents as those being measured in patient samples? | Control(s) |
| What is the curved upper surface of a liquid in a container? | Meniscus |
| What is the clear liquid remaining at the top of a solution after centrifugation or settling out of solid substances? | Supernatant |
| What is a substance that becomes colored when it undergoes a chemical change? | Chromogen |
| What instrument is used for measuring the refractive index of specific gravity of a substance? | Refractometer |
| The blood concentration above which a substance not normally excreted by the kidneys appears in the urine is the: | Renal Threshold |
| A chemical that prevents blood coagulation is an: | Anticoagulant |
| An excessive amount of fat in the blood is known as: | Hyperlipidemia |
| The liquid portion of the blood in which the cellular elements are suspended is: | Plasma |
| Hemolysis of red blood cells, which can be caused by over centrifugation or excess shaking of the blood sample, releases into the plasma or serum: | Potassium |
| An artery is a large blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the: | Tissues |
| The for of an atom with a negative electrical charge is a(n): | Anion |
| The study of blood and blood-forming tissues is called: | Hematology |
| A group of cations and anions important in maintaining fluid and acid-base balance are the: | Electrolytes |
| A condition in which the RBC count or hemoglobin level is decreased below normal is: | Anemia |
| A chemical substance that is the subject of chemical analysis is a(n): | Analyte |
| The anticoagulant commonly used in Hematology is: | EDTA (Potassium, K+) |
| Creatine kinase (CK) is often measures as an aid in diagnosing: | Myocardial Infarction |
| A white blood cell is also known as a(n): | Leukocyte |
| A deficiency in the function of the thyroid gland is: | Hypothyroidism |
| The iron-containing portion of the hemoglobin molecule is the: | Heme |
| High density lipoprotein is a fraction of blood: | Cholesterol |
| The light-colored layer of leukocytes and platelets that forms on the top of the red blood cell layer when a sample of blood is centrifuged or allowed to stand undisturbed is the: | Buffy coat |
| The percentage of light that passes through a solution is its: | Transmittance (%T) |
| In adults, most blood cells are formed in the: | Bone marrow |
| Something that has a daily cycle is said to be: | Diurnal |
| The major functional component of RBCs, which serves as the oxygen-carrying molecule, is the: | Hemoglobin |
| A device that isolates a narrow portion of the light spectrum, and is used in spectrophotometers is a: | Monochromator |
| The packed cell volume(PCV) is another term used for the: | Hematocrit |
| When a sample has a cloudy appearance due to the presence of excess fats in the blood it is referred to as being: | Lipemic |
| The form of hemoglobin that is called "adult" hemoglobin is: | Hgb A (Hgb A1) |
| Concentration of some constituents in blood can occur due to evaporation and should remain capped until they are tested. Such concentration in a sample will likely yiled test results that are: | Elevated |
| The protein portion of the hemoglobin molecule is the: | Globin |
| An electrode that is manufactured to respond to the concentration of a specific elemental ion is: | Ion Specific Electrode |
| Flow cytometers combine principles of light scatter with the light excitation and emission of: | Fluorescent signals |
| A logarithmic expression of the amount of light absorbed by a substance containing colored molecules is the: | Absorbance |
| Hemoglobin transports CO2 from the tissues to the lungs in the form of: | HCO3- (Bicarbonate) |
| The time elapsed between the physician's ordering a test and receiving the results is called the: | TAT - Turn around time |
| An electrical current flows from one electrode to another accross the aperture in laboratory instruments using: | Electrical Impedance |
| A pancreatic hormone increases blood concentration levels by promoting the conversion of glycogen to glucose. This is accomplished by the hormone: | Glucagon |
| The mineral required for hemoglobin synthesis is: | Iron (Fe) |
| The abnormal condition in which the blood pH rises above 7.45 is: | Alkalosis |
| A graph that illustrates the size and frequency of articles in solution is the: | Histogram |
| The disorder of carbohydrate metabolism characterized by a state of hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency is: | Diabetes Mellitus |
| Peripheral blood cells, bacteria, cells in CSF, and sperm cells can be counted microscopically by using the: | Hemacytometer (counting chamber) |
| CO2 in the body is measured as the ion: | Bicarbonate (HCO3-) |
| An abnormal decrease in the number of platelets in the blood is: | Thrombocytopenia |
| Something originating from outside the body as seen in animal fats, egg yolks which are examples of cholesterol from outside the body is: | Exogenous |
| An opening, particularly in cell counting instruments, is also called an: | Apeture |
| The cation that influences osmotic concentration and determines the extracellular fluid volume is: | Sodium |
| The condition in which the red blood cell count is above normal is: | Erythrocytosis |
| LDH is the low-density lipoprotein fraction of blood: | Cholesterol |
| Resistance to disease or infection is: | Immunity |
| The major intracellular cation in the body and important in maintaining the muscular activity of the heart is the cation: | Potassium |
| The term that refers to an increase above normal in the number of white blood cells in the blood is: | Leukocytosis |
| HDL transports cholesterol to be broken down, from the tissues to the: | Liver |
| An immature erythrocyte that has retained RNA in the cytoplasm is a: | Reticulocyte |
| Cholesterol is important to the body and serves as a precursor to bile satls and: | Steroid hormones |
| A formed element in circulating blood that plays an important rold in blood coagulation is the: | Platelet (Thrombocyte) |
| The abnormal condition in which blood pH falls below 7.35 is: | Acidosis |
| A marked variation in the size of erythrocytes when observed on a peripheral blood smear is: | Anecocytosis |
| Cholesterol can be synthesized in the body by the liver and is referred to as: | Endogenous |
| A substance that lessens change in the pH of a solution when an acid or base is added is a: | Buffer |
| Energy production as a result of the metabolic breakdown of glucose is: | Glycolysis |
| An immature granulocyte with a non-segmented nucleus seen in peripheral blood smears is the: | Band cell |
| The most abundant protein in normal plasma is: | Albumin |
| A narrow, intense beam of light of only one wavelength going in only one direction is a: | Laser |
| A substance that becomes colored when it undergoes a chemical change is a: | Chromogen |
| The form of hemoglobin that binds and transports oxygen is: | Oxyhemoglobin |
| The breakdown product of creatine that is normally excreted in the urine is: | Creatinine |
| The process of solid particles settling to the bottom of a liquid is: | Sedementation |
| The tendancy toward a steady state or equilibrium of body processes is: | Homeostasis |
| A blood platelet is also called a: | Thrombocyte |
| An instrument that measures intensities of light in different parts of the light spectrum is a: | Spectrophotometer |
| A dye that stains living cells or tissues is a: | Supravital Stain |
| The thyroid hormone commonly called T4 is: | Thyroxine |
| The layers of blood cells that form when a tube of whole blood is centrifuged is the: | PCV - Packed cell volume |
| An analytical method in which the sample is added to a strip or slide containing, in dried form, all the reagents for the procedure is: | Solid phase chemistry |
| A target cell is an abnormal red blood cell that is also called a: | Codocyte |
| The major storage form of lipids in the body is: | Triglycerides |
| The major functional component of red blood cells that is the oxygen-carrying protein is: | Hemoglobin |
| An instument that measures the light reflected from a colored reaction product is a: | Reflectance Photometer |
| Significant variation in the shape of erythrocytes as seen on a peripheral blood smear is called: | Poikelocytosis |
| A combination of eosin and methylene blue in methanol used for hematology peripheral blood smears is: | Wright's Stain |
| A decrease below normal in the number of leukocytes in the blood is called: | Leukopenia |
| A membrane-bound compartment in a cell's cytoplasm is the: | Vacuole |
| The iron-containing portion of the hemoglobin molecule is the: | Heme |
| A large bone marrow cell from which thrombocytes are derived is the: | Megakaryocyte |
| A chronic or acute disease involving unrestrained growth of leukocytes is: | Leukemia |
| The rupture or destruction of red blood cells, resulting in the release of hemoglobin is called: | Hemolysis |
| A nonspecific protective response to tissue injury is: | Inflammation |
| A leukocyte containing red-orange granules in the cytoplasm is the: | Eosinophil |
| Remnants of RNA and other nuclear material remaining inside the erythrocyte after the nucleus is lost from the cell and which appear as small purple granules in stained red blood cells is: | Basophilic Stipling |
| The process of blood cell formation and development is: | Hemopoiesis (Hematopoiesis) |
| The protein portion of the hemoglobin molecule is: | Globin |
| A red-orange stain or dye used in hematology as part of the Wright's Stain procedure is called: | Eosin |
| A neutral-staining leukocyte; usually the first line of defense against infection is the : | Neutrophil |
| A leukocyte that occurs in response to viral infections and that is common in infectious mononucleosis is the: | Atypical Lymphocyte |
| A determination of the relative number of each type of leukocyte is the: | Differential Count |
| Resistance to an electrical circuit, used in cell counting instruments employing the Coulter principle is: | Impiedence |
| The process of stopping bleeding, which includes clot formation and dissolution is called: | Hemostasis |
| The fluid portion of the cell surrounding the nucleus is the: | Cytoplasm |
| An immature white blood cell normally found only in the bone marrow is the: | Blast cell |
| A slender pipette marked from 0 to 200 mm, used in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate is the: | Westergren Pipette |
| A red blood cell that has not yet lost its nucleus is the: | NRBC - Nucleated Red Blood Cell |
| The ingestion of a foreign particle or cell by another cell is called: | Phagocytosis |
| Calculated values that compare the size and hemoglobin content of red blood cells in the blood sample to reference values is the: | Erythrocyte Indices |
| Groups of red bloods arranged like a roll of coins are called: | Rouleau(x) |
| A shrunken red blood cell with scalloped or toothed margins is the: | Crenated cell |
| Any of the neutrophilic, eosinophilic, or basophilic leukocytes are: | Granulocytes |
| The form and structure of cells, tissues, and organs is called: | Morphology |
| A large leukocyte usually having a convoluted or horseshoe-shaped nucleus is the: | Monocyte |
| A small basophilic-staining leukocyte having a round or oval nucleus and playing a vital role in the immune process is the: | Lymphocyte |
| The appearance of an increased number of immature neutrophil forms in the peripheral blood is the: | Shift to left |
| What type of smear is examined to evaluate blood cell production? | Bone marrow smear |
| A large leukocyte usually characterized by a convoluted or horseshoe-shaped nucleus is a: | Monocyte |
| An immature erythrocyte that has retained ribonucleic acid in the cytoplasm is called a: | Reticulocyte |
| What is the condition where an excess of red blood cells is seen in the peripheral blood? | Polycythemia |
| Calculated values that compare the size and hemoglobin content of red blood cells in a blood sample to reference values is called the: | Erythrocyte Indices |
| What mineral is involved in the hemostasis pathway? | Ionized calcium |
| The activated partial thromboplastin time is used to monitor patients who are on: | Heparin therapy |
| In latex agglutination tests, any D-dimer present in the patient sample reacts with a highly specific monoclonal: | Anti D-dimer |
| What is one of the products formed from the breakdown of fibrin by plasmin? | D-dimer |
| What is the fluid portion of the cell that surrounds the nucleus? | Cytoplasm |
| The ingestion of a foreign particle or cell by another cell is: | Phagocytosis |
| The five types of leukocytes, as well as erythrocytes and platelets, all originate from hemopoietic: | Stem cells |
| The form and structure of cells, tissues, and organs is called the: | Morphology |
| The hemophilias are inherited as: | Sex-linked genes |
| The prothrombin time is used to monitor patients on: | Coumadin |
| What is the enzymatic breakdown of a blood clot? | Fibrinolysis |
| A bleeding disorder resulting from hereditary coagulation factor deficiency or dysfunction is: | Hemophilia |
| A chemical used to prevent deterioration of cells and tissues is a: | Fixative (Preservative) |
| Why type of cell occurs in response to viral infections and is commonly seen in mononucleosis? | Atypical Lymphocyte |
| How does one describe the appearance of an increased number of immature neutrophil forms in the peripheral blood? | Shift to left |
| In abnormal blood, the erythrocytes sometimes form aggregates resembling stacks of coins. This is called: | Rouleau(x) |
| When platelets adhere to the vessel wall, they are activated and begin to: | Aggregate |
| What is the anticoagulant used to collect blood for a prothrombin time test and all other coagulation tests? | Sodium Citrate |
| A group of plasma proteins, and the mineral calcium, involved in blood clotting are the: | Coagulation factors |
| A way of reporting a prothrombin time that takes into consideration the sensitivity of the thromboplastin used and the mean of the normal prothrombin time in the facility's population is the: | INR - International Normalized Ratio |
| What hematology stain is a combination of eosin and methylene blue stains? | Wright's Stain |
| A leukocyte containing bright orange granules in the cytoplasm is the: | Eosinophil |
| Red blood cells having a larger then normal cell size are called: | Macrocytic or Macrocyte |
| A shrunken red blood cell with scalloped or toothed margins is known as a: | Crenated cell |
| Results of the Westergren ESR are reported in: | Millimeters/Hr |
| The action of blood vessels constricting to slow the flow of blood is called: | Vasoconstriction |
| The APTT is used to screen for abnormalities in the common pathway and the: | Intrinsic pathway |
| A serious condition in which widespread thromboses and secondary hemorrhage occurs is called: | DIC - Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation |
| What is the central structure of a cell that contains DNA and controls cell growth? | Nucleus |
| A clear, membrane-bound compartment in cell cytoplasm is called a: | Vacuole |
| An immature granulocyte with a non-segmented nucleus is a: | Band cell |
| A blast cell is an immature blood cell that is normally found only in the: | Bone marrow |
| A measure of the diameter of a needle is its: | Gauge |
| Platelets undergo a shape change when they come into contact with exposed tissue: | Collagen |
| A marked variation in the sizes of erythrocytes when observed on a peripheral blood smear is called: | Anecocytosis |
| A neutral-staining leukocyte, usually the first line of defense against infections, is called a: | Neutrophil |
| A significant variation in the shape of erythrocytes is called: | Poikelocytosis |
| The total substances making up a mass is called an: | Aggregate |
| The process that occurs when platelets stick to a damaged vessel is called: | Adhesion |
| Neutrophils, Eosinophils, and Basophils as a group are known as: | Granulocytes |
| A determination of the relative numbers of each type of leukocyte in a stained blood smear is called the: | Differential count |
| The calcium necessary for clot formation in the APTT is supplied by the chemical compound: | CaCl2 (Calcium Chloride) |
| A large bone marrow cell from which platelets are derived is the: | Megakaryocyte |
| A sickle cell is also called a: | Drepanocyte |
| In the bleeding time test, the two functions measured are small vessel function and: | Platelet function |
| Bacteria that lose the crystal violet stain and retain the safranin in the gram stain procedure are designated: | Gram Negative |
| A disease caused when the immune response is directed at one's own tissues is an: | Autoimmune Disease |
| Cell-mediated immunity is brought about primarily by: | T-Lymphocytes |
| In the Guaiac test the reaction with hemoglobin to form a blue color is catalyzed by: | Iron (Fe) |
| The most frequently performed stain in the bacteriology laboratory is the: | Gram stain |
| A substance or structure on the red blood cell membrane that stimulates antibody formation and reacts with that antibody is a: | Blood Group Antigen |
| The branch of medicine encompassing the study of the immune processes and immunity is: | Immunology |
| The process of removing a specific blood component and returning the remaining blood to the circulation is: | Apheresis |
| A bacteriological medium that allows growth of some organisms while inhibiting the growth of others is: | Selective Medium |
| The reproductive process in which the parent cell divides into two identical independent cells is: | Fission or Binary Fission |
| The growth of most streptococci is enhanced by incubation in an increased concentration of: | CO2 - Carbon Dioxide |
| A rod-shaped bacterium is a: | Baccilius |
| The allelic genes are responsible for a human trait. In blood banking, the human trait of blood type is determined by blood typing sera. This reveals the: | Phenotype |
| Serum proteins that are induced by and react specifically with antigens are: | Immunoglobulins (Ig) |
| What parasitic diseases have been shown to be able to be transmitted through blood transfusion? | Malaria, Chagas, and Babesiosis |
| An assay that uses an enzyme-labeled antibody as a reactant is an: | Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA) |
| An infection caused by a fungi is a(n): | Mycosis |
| A foreign substance that induces an immune response by causing antibody production is an: | Antigen |
| The process of growing microorganisms in the laboratory is the: | Culture |
| The primary stain in the Gram's stain procedure is: | Crystal Violet |
| The medium used to culture a throat swab is: | Blood agar |
| The time elapsed between exposure to an infectious agent and the appearance of symptoms is the: | Incubation period |
| Long lived-phagocytic tissue cells derived from blood Monocytes that function in the destruction of antigens and serve as antigen-presenting cells are: | Macrophages or (Tissue Monocyte) |
| The clumping or aggregation of particulate antigens due to reaction with a specific antibody is: | Agglutination |
| The operation of blood banks is ultimately regulated by the: | FDA - Food and Drug Administration |
| A microorganism that causes disease in the host only when normal defense mechanisms are impaired or absent is: | Opportunistic Pathogen |
| Something that is cancerous is: | Malignant |
| Urine is inoculated on a bi-plate of blood agar and EMB or MAC. The blood agar is used for colony counting while the EMB or MAC inhibits the growth of: | Gram-positive |
| The microbiological medium used to recover an organism from infectious material is the: | Primary medium |
| The blood cell that is seen under the microscope in infectious mononucleosis is the: | Atypical cell |
| The formation of an insoluble antigen-antibody complex that forms during slide agglutination tests is: | Precipitation |
| Which antibody class has the highest concentration in human serum? | Igg |
| Excess vitamin C can inhibit the reaction in the Guaiac test and cause a false: | Negative |
| The chemical that is derived from a tree resin and used in the occult blood test is: | Guaiac |
| A bacteriological medium that detects certain chemical reactions of organisms growing on it is called: | Indicator medium |
| Another name for a spherical bacterium is: | Coccus (Coccsi) |
| The use of known antisera to identify unknown antigens on a patient's blood cells is called: | Forward grouping |
| The international association that sets blood bank standards, accredits blood banks, and promotes high standards of performance is the: | AABB - American Association of Blood Banks |
| A serum protein that is induced by, and reacts specifically with, a foreign substance is an: | Antibody |
| The department in the clinical laboratory in which blood is typed and tested for transfusion is: | Blood bank |
| The common name for a hypersensitive condition is a(n): | Allergy |
| One of two (or more) alternate forms of a gene responsible for hereditary variation is an: | Allele |
| Something that is of, or pertaining to, the lubricating fluid of the joints in the body is: | Synovial |
| Microorganisms that are usually present in a specific site are: | Normal flora |
| The mordant used in the Gram's stain procedure is: | Gram's Iodine |
| The urine specimen required for a urine culture is a: | Clean-catch |
| One-fourth of an agar plate is the: | Quadrant |
| One of most frequently requested tests in the bacteriology laboratory is the urine culture, used to confirm or rule out: | UTI - Urinary Tract Infection |
| The fecal occult blood test is widely used as a screening test for: | Colon cancer |
| A seaweed derivative used to solidify microbiological media is: | Agar |
| The counter stain used in the Gram's stain procedure is: | Safranin |
| Bacteria are streaked on an agar plate using a(n): | Inoculating loop |
| The developer solution used in the occult blood test contains: | Hydrogen peroxide |
| Organisms that will grow only in the absence of oxygen are referred to as: | Anaerobic |
| The portion of an antigen that reacts specifically with an antibody is the: | Epitope |
| A defined mass of bacteria assumed to have grown from a single organism is called a: | Colony |
| A disease that is able to be transmitted directly or indirectly from one individual to another is: | Communicable |
| A culture is the growth of microorganisms in a special: | Medium |
| The process of transferring a population of microorganisms to a medium is: | Inoculation |
| Donor blood is routinely tested for: | ABO and RH (ABO Type and Rh D antigen) |
| Cryptosporidium is best detected by using the concentration technique of: | Flotation |
| A flagellated parasite that can occur in the urogenital tract is: | Trichomonas vaginallis |
| The STD syphilis is caused by: | Treponema pallidum |
| To increase the chances of finding parasites in a fecal specimen before examination the specimen can be: | Concentrated |
| A parasitic organism that causes disease only in immunocompromised hosts is said to be: | Opportunistic |
| The cycles of chills and fever associated with malaria that occur 36 to 72 hours apart, depending on the Plasmodium species are: | Paroxysm(s) |
| A sexually transmitted genitourinary tract infection caused by a parasitic protozoan is: | Trichomoniasis |
| In infected individuals, Giardia trophozoites live in the: | Small intestines |
| Pathogens that are recurring in a location or population are: | Endemic |
| Insects, crustaceans, and arachnids are described by the group name: | Arthropod |
| Parasite size can be measured microscopically using a(n): | Ocular Micrometer |
| The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that causes AIDS has been identified as a(n): | Retrovirus |
| The immature stage of an invertebrate is the: | Larva |
| The presence of parasites in the blood of a patient is: | Parasitemia |
| The scientific name for a tapeworm is the: | Cestode |
| The method of transmission of malaria to man is by the: | Mosquito (Anopheles) |
| The hos in which sexual or adult forms of a parasite are found is the: | Definitive Host |
| One of the methods used to identify certain bacteria such as Neisseria is the: | Oxidase test |
| The stain commonly used to identify parasites in fecal specimens is: | Trichrome stain |
| The virus that causes genital herpes is: | HSV - 2 |
| The hos in which the asexual, immature, or larval form of the parasite is found is the: | Intermediate Host |
| A polychromatic stain used for staining blood cells and blood parasites is the: | Giemsa stain |
| A condition that is acquired during fetal development, and that is present at the time of birth, but not the result of inheritance is: | Congenital |
| Malarial parasites are detected by examination of a blood specimen, and the preferred stain for their identification is the: | Giemsa stain |
| An organism living in or on a host but causing no damage is a: | Commensal |
| A sexually transmitted virus that can cause cervical cancer is the: | HPV - Human Papilloma Virus |
| The most common roundworm in humans in the United States is: | Enterobiasis |
| The virus that causes oral herpes is: | HSV - 1 |
| The organism from which a parasite obtains nutrients and in which some or part of the parasite's life cycle is complete is the: | Host |
| The method used for collecting specimens for pinworm examination is the: | Perianal paddle swab |
| Human malaria is caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus: | Plasmodium |
| The motile, feeding stage of protozoan parasites is called the: | Trophozoite |
| A parasite that lives on the outer host surfaces is the: | Ectoparasite |
| The name for the body segment of a tapeworm is the: | Proglottid |
| A species of Gram-negative intracellular bacteria that is a cause of STDs is: | Chlamydia trachomatis |
| The group comprising the roundworms and flatworms is the: | Helminth |
| The group of helminthes called nematodes include: | Hookworms |
| The host, other than the usual host, in which the parasite lives and is infectious is the: | Resovoir Host |
| In humans, the malarial parasites live in red blood cells and cells of the: | Liver |
| The laboratory test requesting examination of fecal specimens for parasites is: | O & P - Ova and Parasites |
| Amoebae, Flagellates, and ciliates are members of the large groups of single-celled organisms called: | Protozoa |
| Fecal specimens should be delivered to the laboratory within how many hours of collection? | Two |
| The yeast that causes vaginitis and other infections, especially following antibiotic therapy is: | Candida Albicans |
| The best time for collecting specimens for pinworm detection is early in the morning or: | Late at night (Between 9pm and Midnight) |
| Greatest chance of finding blood parasites that are in low concentration is by use of the: | Thick blood smear |
| If a Parasitology specimen for transport is delayed it must be: | Preserved |
| Infertility in females of childrearing age can be caused by: | Untreated STDs |
| The definitive host for the malarial parasite is the: | Mosquito |
| The preservative used for fecal specimens that are to be stained with trichrome stain is: | PVA - Polyvinyl Alcohol |
| Dog heartworm is diagnosed by examining dog blood for the presence of the: | Microfilaria |
| The scientific name for the pinworm is: | Enterobius vermicularis |
| The parasite that causes malaria belongs to the genus: | Plasmodium |
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