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Clin Lab Proced.10

Homework Packet #10

QuestionAnswer
A ________________ is a rod-shaped bacterium. Bacillus (Bacilli)
A defined mass of bacteria assumed to have grown from a single organism is called a _______________. Colony
_______________ bacteria require special nutritional factors to survive. Fastidious
A culture is the growth of microorganisms in a special ________________. Medium
Bacteria that lose the crystal violet stain and retain the safranin in the Gram stain procedure are designated _______________. Gram Negative
A _______________ is another name for a spherical bacterium. Coccus
Organisms that will grow only in the absence of oxygen are referred to as _______________ organisms. Anaerobic
Normal _______________ are microorganisms that are normally present in a specific site. Flora
An organism or agent that is capable of causing disease in a host is a _______________ and the condition caused by their growth is an _______________. Pathogen/Infection
_______________ is the seaweed derivative used to solidify microbiological media. Agar
An _______________ is a mass of bacteria transferred from one medium to another, while the process of transferring a population of microorganisms to a medium is ________________. Inoculum/Inoculation
A bacteriological medium that detects certain chemical reactions of organisms growing on it is called an _______________ medium. Indicator
A _______________ is one-fourth of an agar plate. Quadrant
A _______________ medium is used to recover an organism from infectious material. Primary
Bacteria are streaked on an agar plate using a(n) _______________. Inoculating loop
A dye that adds a contrasting color is a _______________. Counter stain
A _______________ is a substance that fixes a dye or stain to an object. Mordant
_______________ paper is the special absorbent paper used to dry microscope slides after staining. Bibulous
Before disposal, all bacteriological specimens and materials must be sterilized by __________________. Autoclave
To prepare a smear of microorganisms on a swab, a clean _____________________ is labeled and the swab is gently rolled across its surface. Microscope slide
During the preparation of a bacteriological smear, the film on the slide must be completely dry before the smear is _________________. Heat fixed
The _______________ is the most frequently performed stain in the bacteriology laboratory. Gram Stain
List the four substances used in the Gram stain process, in order, and list each one's purpose. Substance/Purpose Primary Stain (Crystal Violet)/Stain Gram's Iodine/Mordant Alcohol Acetone/Decolorizer Safranin/Counter stain
When viewed under the microscope on a stained smear, Escherichia coli will appear ________________ in color and is designated as gram- _________________. Pink-red/Negative
Staphylococcus aureus is a gram- ________________ organism. Positive
The destruction of RBCs resulting in the release of hemoglobin from the cells is called _______________. Hemolysis
Pharyngeal is having to do with the _______________, or pharynx. Back of the throat
Group A Streptococcus is just one of several _______________ groups of streptococci, and Streptococcus pyogenes belongs to group _______________. Lancefield/A
An untreated group A Streptococcus infection can result in serious complications, especially for those under the age of _______________. 25
Confirmation of a group A Streptococcus can be made either by identifying the organism after growing in culture or by performing a rapid _______________ test. Immunoassay
When performing the throat swab, the technician must avoid touching the inside of the mouth or the ________________. Tongue
The growth of most streptococci is enhanced by incubation in an increased concentration of ________________. CO2 - Carbon Dioxide
_______________ is the medium used to culture a throat swab. Blood agar
One of the most frequently requested tests in the bacteriology laboratory is the _______________ culture, used to confirm or rule out urinary tract infection or ___________. Urine/UTI
A _______________ is the method of estimating the number of organisms in urine by enumerating the colonies in a culture. Colony Count
The number of colonies counted is multiplied by ________________ if a 0.01 mL inoculating loop was used to streak the culture plate. 100
For a colony count, the specimen is inoculated to a _______________ plate. Blood agar
Urine is inoculated to EMB or MAC, which supports the growth of gram-negative organisms and inhibits the growth of _______________ organisms. Gram-Positive
The microorganism most commonly responsible for a UTI is _______________, but a gram-positive organism frequently found as a causative agent in UTI is _________________. E. Coli/Staphylococcus
The specimen required for a urine culture is a __________________ urine specimen. Clean catch
The catalase test differentiates between Streptococcus sp. and ________________ sp., while the test that differentiates between Staphylococcus aureus and other Staphylococcus species is the ________________ test. Staph/Coagulase
_______________ is the abbreviation for minimum inhibitory concentration. MIC
Gram-negative organisms will grown on BA, EMB, and MAC but gram-positive will not grown on ___________ or __________. MAC or EMB
Coliform bacteria includes the gram-negative intestinal bacteria including ________________. Eschericha Coli (E. Coli)
The Gram stain reveals the gram reaction of a bacteria and reveals or confirms the shape, or ________________. Some bacteria have varied shapes and are called _______________. Morphology/Pleomorphic or Pleomorphs
____________________ testing should be performed to be sure that causative agents are not resistant to antibiotics, and to determine the best antibiotic for the treatment of a particular infection. Antibiotic Susceptibility
_______________ is the chemical that is derived from the resin of the Guaiacum tree and is used in the occult blood test. Guaiac
Something that is cancerous is not benign, but it is instead ________________. Malignant
_______________ is another word for something that is concealed or hidden. Occult
The fecal occult blood test detects amounts of blood too small to be _______________, and detects bleeding in the ________________ tract. Visable/GI
The fecal occult blood test is widely used as a screening test for _______________ cancer. Colon
In the guaiac fecal occult blood test, a false positive test can be caused by the enzyme _________________, which is found in foods such as turnips and horseradish. Peroxidase
Excess vitamin C can inhibit the reaction in the guaiac test and cause a false _______________ test reaction. Negative
The Hemoccult ICT test uses an __________________ reaction to detect hemoglobin in the fecal specimen, and detects the _______________ portion of hemoglobin. Immuno chemical/Globin
In the guaiac test, it is the _______________ in the hemoglobin that catalyzes the reaction to form a blue color. Iron
The developer solution used in guaiac test contains _______________. Hydrogen Peroxide
AEROBIC An organism that requires oxygen.
ANAEROBIC An organism growing in the absence of oxygen.
BACILLUS A rod-shaped bacterium.
COCCUS S spherical bacterium.
COMMUNICABLE Able to be transmitted directly or indirectly from one individual to another.
CULTURE The process of growing microorganisms in the laboratory.
FISSION (BINARY FISSION) Reproductive process in which the parent cell divides into two identical independent cells.
GRAM NEGATIVE Designation for bacteria that lose the crystal violet and retain the safranin in the Gram stain procedure.
GRAM POSITIVE Designation for bacteria that retain the crystal violet in the Gram stain procedure.
HOST The organism from which a parasite obtains nutrients and in which some or part of the parasite's life cycle is completed.
HYPHAE Filaments of a mold that make up the mycelium.
MEDIUM A substance used to provide nutrients for growing microorganisms.
MYCELIUM The mass of hyphae that makes up the vegetative body of molds.
MYCOSIS An infection caused by fungi.
NORMAL FLORA Microorganisms that are normally present at the specific site.
OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGEN A microorganism that causes disease in the host only when normal defense mechanisms are impaired or absent.
PROGENY Offspring or descendants.
ZONE OF INHIBITION In the antibiotic susceptibility test, the are around an antibiotic disk that contains no bacterial growth.
AGAR A seaweed derivative used to solidify microbiological media.
ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE Work practices used to prevent contamination when working with microorganisms.
HEPA FILTER High-efficiency particulate air filter used in biological safety cabinets.
INDICATOR MEDIUM A bacteriological medium that detects certain chemical reactions of organisms growing on it.
INOCULATION The process of transferring a population of microorganisms to a growth medium.
INOCULUM A mass of bacteria being transferred from one medium to another.
PRIMARY MEDIUM A medium that provides nutritional requirements for an organism and is used to recover the organism from infectious material.
SELECTIVE MEDIUM A bacteriological medium that allows growth of some organisms while inhibiting the growth of others.
TRANSPORT MEDIUM Medium that provides the proper environment for organisms during transport to the laboratory.
BIBULOUS PAPER A special absorbent paper used to dry slides.
FOSSAE In the throat, shallow depressions where the tonsils were located before surgical removal.
MIC - MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION Minimum concentration of an antibiotic required to inhibit the growth of a microorganism.
PLEOMORPHIC Having varied shapes.
Created by: luparl
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