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Vocab Genetics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Allele | each form of a gene |
| Dominant Trait | Stronger trait in genetics (uses a capital letter) |
| Gene | one set of instructions for an inherited trait |
| Chromosome | organelle that directs activities of the cell & passes it on to new cells (contains genes) |
| Genotype | genetic makeup of an organism |
| Heredity | passing on of traits from one generation to another |
| Hybrid (Heterozygous) | organism with two different alleles for a particular trait (Example: Tt) |
| Incomplete Dominance | occurs when a gene is neither dominant nor recessive (genes blend) |
| Phenotype | visible physical characteristics of an organism |
| Probability | the possibility that an event will take place |
| Purebred (Homozygous) | organism with two of the same genes for a partiular trait (Examples: TT, tt) |
| Recessive | weaker trait in genetics that may be hidden,represented with a lower case letter |
| Gregor Mendel | Father of Genetics |
| Punnett Square | chart that shows the possible gene (allele) combinations in a cross |
| Homozygous | Purebred |
| Heterozygous | Hybrid |
| genetic engineering | manipulating individual genes within an organism |
| mutation | change in genes or chromosomes that cause a new trait to be inherited |
| pedigree | a diagram that shows the occurence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family. |
| probability | the possibility that an event will take place |
| meiosis | process by which sex cells are produced. At the end of the process sex cells have 1/2 the number of chromosomes |
| xx | Genotype for human female |
| xy | genotype for human male |
| sex-linked traits | traits that are passed on from parent of offspring on the x chromsome |
| adenine | the nitrogen base that always partners up with thymine |
| guanine | the nitrogen base that always parterns up with cytosine |
| cytosine | nitrogen base that always pairs up with guanine |
| thymine | the nitrogen base that always pairs up with adenine |
Created by:
jmebuckley
on 2010-11-12