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266 test 3 ch 29
history 266
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| conservative austrian diplomat who sought a balance of power between the nations of europe | klemens von metternich |
| radical jacobin leader associated with the worst excesses of the french revolution | maximilien robespierre |
| political theorist of the 17 century who inspired the revolutions of the 18th century | john locke |
| leader who when he plotted with austria to invade france, destroyed the possibility of a constitutional monarchy and invited his own execution | louis xvi |
| english feminist who argued that the ideals of the enlightenment natural rights, consent of the governed- should also be applied to women | mary wollstonecraft |
| revolutionary who armed with an education, organizational skills, and a determined army, liberated his island colony from french rule | toussaint louverture |
| considered the george washington of latin america | simon bolivar |
| leader who, although regarded as one of the greatest military leaders of any age, commited the fatal mistake of overconfidence | napolean bonaparte |
| french feminist who insisted that women should become full citizens of revolutionary france, an idea for which she was eventually executed | olympe de gouges |
| prime minister of prussia and architect of germany unification | otto von bismarck |
| spokesman for british conservatism who accepted change that was gradual and consistent with tradition | edmund burke |
| spokesman for british lieralism who argued for complete freedom of speech and freedom of religion | john stuart mill |
| the ideas of the enlightenment challenged the long term assumptions about sovereignty and instead proposed that | governments are bound to the will of the people |
| which of the following could be considered an expression of enlightened ideas about government | the declaration of independence |
| the american colonists won their bid for independence primarily because | the french and the dutch decided to support them against the british |
| embedded in the american constitution is the principle of | popular sovereignty |
| which of the following was not one of the causes of the french revolution of 1789 | accusation of treason against louis XVI |
| which of the following was not one of the provisions of the new french constitution of 1791 | all adult males were given the right to vote in national elections |
| under the rule of the convention, french women | gained important property rights and the right to a divorce |
| napoleon bonaparte rose to power as | a military hero |
| in general napoleon championed | equality under the law but not political freedom |
| which of the following is not a correct explanation of why the haitian revolution succeeded | the revolutionaries had the support of british and spanish forces |
| in leading the revolutions of south america, simon bolivar advocated | popular sovereignty |
| revolutions in latin america were frequently a power struggle between what two groups | peninsulares and crioles |
| which latin american state gained independence as a monarchy | brazil |
| a political conservative in the 19th century would be likely to advocate | A. restoration of the French monarchy after the defeat of Napoleon. B)limiting suffrage to men of property. C)censorship as a reasonable means of preventing social unrest. D)government support of the established church. *E)All of the answers are corre |
| the first european power to abolish the slave trade was | britain |
| the last country to abolish slavery was | brazil |
| the american womens rights movement began | concurrent with the antislavery movement |
| which of the following would not be an example of cultural nationalism | A)the study of language. B)the study of history. C)collecting folk songs and fairy tales. D)anti-Semitism. *E)All of the answers are correct. |
| theodor herzl's zionism was the direct result of | his shock at the army's persecution of Alfred Dreyfus. |
| The German people united behind King Wilhelm because | the wars engineered by Bismarck generated strong nationalist sentiment. |
| sovereignty | political supremacy and the authority to rule |
| voltaire | philosophe, called for religious toleration and freedom to express their views openly |
| jean jacques rousseau | wrote the social contract, and argued that members of a society were collectively the sovereign |
| william wilberforce | prominent english philanthropist in parliament. he tirelessly attacked slavery on moral and religious grounds. parliament passed his bill to end the slave trade |
| end of slave trade | the U.S. in 1808 France in 1814 the Netherlands in 1817 Spain in 1845 |
| slavery abolished | britain 1833 france 1848 the U.S. 1865 Cuba 1886 Brazil 1888 |
| giuseppe mazzini | italian nationalist activist who formed a group called young italy that promoted independence from austrian and spanish rule and the establishment of an italian national state |
| zionism | a political movement that holds that the jewish people constitute a nation and have the right to their own national homeland. |
| theodor herzl | organized the first zionist congress in switzerland, which founded the world zionist organization |
| congress of vienna | the 'great powers' -Britain, austria, prussia, and russia attempted to restore the prerevolutionary order. |
| cavour and garibaldi | camillo di cavour- itailian prime minister, unified italy. allied w/france and expelled austrian authority garibaldi- led the unification movement |
| popular sovereignty | the notion that legitimate political authority resides not in kings, but in the people who make up a society |
| aristocratic governments | privileged elites supervised public affairs |
| sovereignty | political supremacy and the authority to rule |
| Rousseau | wrote the social contract, and argued that members of a society were collectively the sovereign |
| peace of paris | british government formally recognized american independence |
| estates general | assembly that represented the entire french population through groups |
| breakdown of the estates general | 1st: 100,000 roman catholic clergy 2nd: 400,000 nobles 3rd: the rest; 24 million |
| voting in the estates general | 1 vote per estate |
| national assembly | the 3rd estate seceded from the estates general |
| the goal of the national assembly | lierty, equality, and fraternity |
| the convention | legislative body abolished to monarchy and proclaimed france a republic |
| levee en mass | drafted people and resources for use in the war |
| main beneficiaries of independence in latin america | the creole elites |
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