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Arch Hist 2
Greek
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Abacus | on a classical column, the stone set directly over the capital |
| Acanthus | a plant used as a model for decoration on Corinthian and Composite capitals |
| Acropolis | literally "high city." In Greek city-states, the acropolis was the location of the most important temples and religious shrines |
| Acroterion (acroterium, acroteria) | an upright ornament placed at the apex and eaves of gabled roofs in Greek architecture |
| Agora | In Greek cities, the term applied to the area of markets and city government |
| Anathyrosis | recessed part of a stone that was to be place against another stone to keep it from sliding |
| Anta (p=atae) | A pilaster-like thickening of the wall edge or jamb of a wall opening that responds to an adjacent column |
| Architrave (or epistyle) | in classical architecture, the bottom portion of an entablature |
| Ashalr masonry | smooth stone masonry laid so that the joints are visible |
| Captial | in classical architecture the termination of a column, generally given decorative carving. |
| Caryatid | a pier carved in the form of a standing woman and used in place of a column |
| Calla (or naos) | the shrine room in the center of a temple |
| Choragic monument | large, freestanding pedestal that formed the display base for an athletic or choral prize won at an ancient Greek festival. |
| Chryselephantine | overlaid with ivory and gold |
| Clamp | a brace, band, or clasp used for strengthening or holding things together |
| Classical period | c.480-323BC period of greek architecture |
| Column inclination | sloping column usually for optical purposes |
| Corinthian | The order that features acanthus-leaf capitals atop a fluted shaft |
| Cornice (or geison) | The uppermost element of an entablature, which projects beyond the plane of the exterior wall; more generally, the overhanging molding atop any building |
| Dentils | a type of cornice molding composed of rectangular blocks set in a row like teeth; hence the name |
| Doric | The Greek order that has a fluted shaft, no base, and an echinus molding supporting the abacus. Roman Doric columns have a base. |
| Doric frieze | the horizontal element above the architrave and below the cornice in an entablature with metope |
| Dowel | a peg of wood, metal, or plastic without a distinct head, used for holding together components of a structure |
| Echinus | The curved cushion-like molding that, together with the abacus, forms the capital in the Doric order |
| Engaged columns | columns that are integrated into the wall half way |
| Entablature | in classical architecture, the horizontal elements supported by columns, consisting (in ascending sequence) of the architrave, frieze, and cornice |
| Entasis | The slight outward curve of a column, which then tapers toward the top of the shaft |
| Epistyle (or architrave) | in classical architecture, the bottom portion of an entablature |
| Flute | Vertical grooves incised in the shaft of a classical column |
| Frieze | the horizontal element above the architrave and below the cornice in an entablature |
| Geison (or cornice) | the uppermost element of an entablature, which projects beyond the plane of the exterior wall; more generally, the overhanging molding atop any building |
| Grid plan | a type of city plan in which streets run at right angles to each other, forming a grid. In the context of the culture of Ancient Greece, the grid plan is called Hippodamian plan. |
| Hellenistic period | 323-31BC period of Greek architecture |
| Hippodamos | an ancient Greek architect and urban planner is considered to be the “father” of urban planning, the namesake of Hippodamian plan of city layouts (grid plan). |
| Hypaethral | an ancient temple with no roof. |
| Iktinos (Ictinus) | architect of the Partheon |
| in antis columns | columns in the plane of a wall and often between antae |
| Ionic | the order that features volutes in the capital; the shaft is usually fluted |
| Ionic frieze | continuous frieze |
| Kallikrates | architect of the Partheon |
| Lionhead waterspout | a waterspout of roofs in the shape of a lionhead |
| Metope | an element of the Doric frieze, set alternately with triglyphs. panels contain low-relief carvings. |
| Miletos (Miletus) | an ancient city of the Ionian Greeks in the southwestern Asian Minor. a powerful port. |
| Mnesikles | an ancient Athenian architect of the Propylaea, the Periclean gateway to the Athenian Acropolis. |
| Opisthodomos | the room present at the rear of some ancient Greek temples. It was located behind the naos. |
| Orchestra | in a greek theater, the circular floor used ofr dancing |
| Panathenaic procession | procession to the Acropolis during the Panathenaic festival |
| Pediment | The gable end of a temple, framed by cornices |
| Pergamene capital | a typle of unique capital with almost elongated flutes at the top |
| Pediment | the gable end of a temple, framed by cornices |
| Pergamon (Pergamum) | an ancient Greek city in modern-day Turkey, in Mysia |
| Perikles | commissioner of the Partheon |
| peripteral temple plan | temple with columns all around it |
| Pheidias (Phidias) | a Greek sculptor, painter and architect who made the statue of Athena in the Partheon |
| Post and lintel | a simple architrave where a horizontal member (the lintel—or header) is supported by two vertical posts at either end. |
| Pronaos | the vestibule or antechamber to the shrine room (naos) of a Greek temple |
| Proskenion | the area directly in front of the skene in the ancient Greek theater |
| Prostyle columns (or prostyle plan) | a portico of columns on the front of a building |
| Sima | a material rick and dense in silica and magnesia |
| Skene | the background building which connected the platform stage, in which costumes were stored and to which the periaktoi (painted panels serving as the background) were connected. |
| Stoa | in greek architecture, a linear building with one or more rows of columns. Stoas could be used for shops, meetings, or exhibitions |
| Stylobate | the base, usually having steps, on which a colonnaded temple sits |
| Stylobate curvature | curving stylobate for an optical effect |
| Theatron | where the audience of a Greek tragedy sat to view the performance. |
| Tholos | A dome over a circular-plan building, or more generally the building itself |
| Triglyph | a channeled block set between metopes in a Doric frieze |
| Vitruvius | a Roman architect |
| Volute | a decorative spiral found in Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite capitals |
Created by:
MarieB
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