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A&P Ch. 23

Digestive System

QuestionAnswer
Digestion of food into nutrients is the breakdown of _________ into ________. Polymers into monomers
The alimentary canal is also known as what? The GI tract
What are the accessory organs of the digestive system? Salivary glands, liver, gall bladder, pancreas
Inner most lining of the alimentary canal primarily composed of simple columnar epithelium. Mucosa
Connective tissue that is deep to the mucosa Submucosa
Two layers of smooth muscle that is deep to the submucosa. Muscularis externa
Outer most lining of the alimentary canal Serosa
Movement that provides mixing Segmentation
Wave-like, unidirectional movement Peristalsis
"Rest & digest", stimulates digestion Parasympathetic
"Fight or flight", inhibits digestion Sympathetic
Another word for chewing that is the main form of mechanical digestion. Mastication
Functions of the oral cavity Mastication, taste sensation, speech.
Form boundary; contain food & drink Cheeks & lips
Seperates the nasal and oral cavities Palate
Closes the nasal cavity during swallowing Uvula
From the ages of 6 mo. to 4 years a child has 20 of this kind of teeth Deciduous teeth
Teeth used for shearing Incisors
Teeth used for tearing Canine/cuspids
Teeth used for grinding Premolars & molars
Primarily calcium; hardest surface in the human body Enamel
Surrounds pulp, Similar to bone structure Dentin
Contains nerves and blood vessels, surrounded by dentin Pulp
Anchors the tooth Root
Holds teeth into the jaw bone Periodontal ligaments
Responsible for starch digestion, secretes amylase & mucus Salivary glands
Superior portion of the pharynx Nasopharynx
Intermediate portion of the pharynx Oropharynx
Inferior portion of the pharynx Laryngopharynx
Constrict inwards when swallowing Circular muscles
These muscles pull the pharynx upward Longitudinal muscles
Non-absorptive tube connecting the pharynx to the stomach Esophagus
Passage through the diaphragm Esophageal hiatus
Main site of chemical digestion Stomach
Activated by HCl and converted to pepsin Pepsinogen
Responsible for protien digestion Pepsin
Responsible for lipid digestion Gastric lipase
Proximal end of the small intestine Duodenum
Intermediate portion of the small intestine Jejunum
Distal portion of the small intestine Ileum
Anchors blood vessels and the small intestine Mesentery
Increase surface area for absorption Villi
Responsible for lipid absorption Lacteals
Name the portions of the large bowel from beginning to end Cecum, ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid, rectum, and anal canal
Created by: Joshdole04
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