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Chapter 1 - Gr 8
The Nature of Science
| Vocabulary word | Definition |
|---|---|
| Earth Science | The study of Earth & Space |
| Geology | The study of Earth, its matter, and the processes that form & change Earth |
| Meteorology | The study of weather & the forces and processes that cause it |
| Astronomy | The study of objects in Space, including stars, planets & comets |
| Oceanography | The study of Earth's oceans |
| Science | The process of observing & studying things in our world |
| Technology | The use of scientific discoveries |
| Scientific method | A series of planned steps used to solve problems |
| Hypothesis | A prediction about a problem that can be tested |
| Variable | A changeable factor in an experiment |
| Control | A standard for comparison |
| Theory | An explanation backed by results obtained from repeated tests or experiments |
| Law | A well-tested description of the behavior of something in nature (A rule of nature) |
| International System of Units (SI) | A modern version of the metric system |
| Mass | A measure of the amount of matter in an object |
| Weight | A measure of gravitational force on a mass |
| Gravity | An attractive force that exists between all objects |
| List some problem solving strategies: | Identifying the problem; collecting data about the problem; eliminating possibilities; using trial & error; solving a simpler related problem; making a model or drawing |
| What are some commonly used steps in scientific methods? | 1. Determining the problem 2. Making a hypothesis 3. Testing 4. Analyzing results 5. Drawing conclusions |
| A hypothesis may be used to form ________ | Theories |
| Examples of technology | Computers, calculators |
| Give an example of what technology contributes to: | It helps solve problems such as pollution & erosion |
| The SI unit for length | the meter |
| The SI unit for mass | the kilogram |
| The SI unit for weight | the newton |
| The SI unit for area | the square centimeter |
| The SI unit for volume | the cubic meter |
| The SI unit for density | the cubic centimeter |
| Area | The amount of surface in a set of boundaries |
| Volume | The measure of how much space an object occupies |
| Give examples of lab safety rules | 1. understand how to do the activity 2. use caution while working with flames 3. never eat or drink in he lab 4. use care with all substances 5. report any accidents to the teacher |
| How do you calculate density? | Density = mass divided by volume |
| How do you calculate volume? | Multiply the length, width, and depth (or height). |
| How do you calculate the area of a field? | Multiply the length by the width |
| When you weigh yourself, you are measuring the _____________? | force of gravity |
| Who was the 1st person to describe gravity? | Sir Isaac Newton |
| To solve a problem, you need to have a _________? | strategy |
| What are the 5 steps to a scientific method? | 1. determine the problem 2. make a hypothesis 3. test your hypothesis 4. analyze the results 5. draw conclusions |
| What problems can technology create? | water, soil & air pollution; soil erosion; loss of jobs to computers |
| What does this mean - technology is transfereable. | That means that it can be applied to new situations (things made for space are now used for the military) |
| List 4 specific areas of study in Earth Science: | Geology, Meterorology, Astronomy, and Oceanography |
| Science can be divided into 4 general areas. What are they? | Chemistry, Physics, Life Science and Earth Science |
Created by:
jpm6286
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