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AFR2130 Mid-Term
Mid-Term Ch 1-7
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is the basic definition of Air & Space Power? | The synergistic application of air, space, and information systems to project global strategic military power. |
List the core competencies. | Developing Airmen, Technology-to-warfighting, Integrating Operations |
What are the distinctive capabilities? | Air & Space Superiority, Information Superiority, Global Attack, Precision Engagement, Rapid Global Mobility, Agile Combat Support |
Define functions. | Broad, fundamental, and continuing activities of air and space power not unique to the Air Force. |
What is the Air & Space Doctrine? | A belief in the best way to implement/use air and space power based on history, technology, future threats, and leaders' experience. |
List the Principles of War. | Unity of Command, Mass, Manuever, Objective, Offensive, Surprise, Simplicity, Security, Economy of Force. |
What are the tenents of Air and Space Power? | Centralized control and decentralized execution, Flexability/Versatility, Synergistic Effects, Persistence, Concentration, Priority, Balance. |
Man first flew aloft a balloon in what year? | 1783. |
How long did the Wright Bros. first flight last? | 12 seconds. It flew 120 feet. |
How did the Wright Bros. approach flying? | Scientifically and systematically. |
The Wright Bros. used the experience of who? | Lilienthal, Pilcher and Chanute. |
The Wright Bros. built a glider in Dayton, OH and moved it where? | Kitty Hawk, NC. |
What was the name of the Wright Bros. machine powered aircraft? | |
The U.S. government reacted to the Wright Bros. machine powered aircraft with what? | Skepticism. |
Why did the U.S. government react to the Wright Bros. machine powered aircraft with skepticism? | Because of Langley's failures. |
What two countries were enthusiastic about the Wright Bros. invention? | Britain and France. |
How did the Army react to the Wright Bros. invention? | They didn't see a lot of military utility in the airplane. |
What did Specification #486 establish? | Requirements for the first military aircraft. |
What is strategic bombing? | Strikes deep into enemy territory to destroy war making capabilities. |
Who developed metal strips for propellers so machine gun bullets would not shatter the props? | Roland Garros. |
Who designed synchronizing gear so bullets would pass through the spinning propeller blades? | Anthony Fokker. |
Strategic bombin in WWI was limited in what? | Scope and intensity. |
The Allied bombing on Germany began when? | 1914. |
In the beginning, Allied bombing of Germany was what? | Light and ineffective. |
Allies created the Inter-Allied Independent Air Force (IAIAF) in 1919 for the purpose of bombing who? | Germany. |
Name two Strategic Bombing Theorists. | Sir Hugh Trenchard and Giulio Douhet. |
Commander of RAF who believed allies should attack German homeland round the clock. | Sir Hugh Trenchard. |
Giulio Douhet believed that all future wars would be won in the air with what? | Bombers. |
Giulio Douhet believed that land and naval forces would be what? | Defensive. |
Giulio Douhet believed the air weapon should be able to break an enemy's resistance by attacking his what? | Ports, railroads, and economic structure. |
Giulio Douhet believed that bombers made production of most other crafts __________. | Useless. |
What could be obtained by destroying the ground organization of the enemy's air force? | Air Superiority. |
Following WWI, the U.S. returned to what? | Isolationism. |
Who was the leader of a group of officers determined to gain independence for the Army Air Service and form a third armed service? | General Billy Mitchell. |
Gen Mitchell believed the air service was an __________ force equal to the Army and Navy. | Offensive. |
The Army and Navy strongly __________ Gen Mitchell's views. | Opposed. |
Due to Mitchell's agitation and the recommendations of these and other boards and reports, Congress passed what? | Army Reorganization Act of 1920. |
Gen Mitchell stunned and embarrassed who? | The Navy. |
Gen Mitchell sparked __________ feuding. | Interservice. |
Gen Mitchell was demoted to what rank? | Lt Col. |
In Oct 1925, Lt Col Mitchell was __________ as a result of his last attack. | Court-martialed. |
Gen Mitchell focused attention on __________ and forced people to accept it's potential. | Airpower. |
Gen Mitchell mentored who? | Many aviators who would carry out his work. |
Gen Mitchell was convinced the airplane would do what? | Change the way nations conducted war. |
Following WWI, America was tired of what? | War. |
Following WWI, the view of the military in American __________. | Diminished. |
According to ACTS, air service should be equal to what? | Sea and ground services? |
According to ACTS, future war would be decided by what? | Airpower. |
According to ACTS, what could defeat an enemy without heavy losses? | High-altitude daylight bombing. |
Was pursuit and attack aviation a decisive airpower strategy? | No. |
According to AWPD Plan #1, air mission would be offensive in nature from the start, and it would emphasize what? | Strategic bombing. |
According to AWPD Plan #1, ground support missions would be what? | Secondary. |
AWPD Plan #1 called for defending the Western Hemisphere and holding whose aggression at bay in the Pacific? | Japanese. |
According to AWPD Plan #1, precision bombing on what would break German morale later on? | Industry and economy. |
The key flaw in AWPD-1 was the lack of provision for long-range what for the bombers? | Fighter escort. |
Just before AWPD-1 was produced, the Army Air Corps and GHQ Air Force were merged to form what? | US Army Air Forces (AAF). |
The Air Forces were put on equal level with the ground forces and given organizational autonomy with who? | The Army. |
Creation of the AAF proved to be just one step from full independence as a what? | Separate service. |
Who believed the AAF performance in WWII would help strengthen the case for a separate service? | Gen Arnold. |
Given the importance and influence of AWPD-1, war plans in the future would be developed and implemented by who? | Airmen. |
The most valuable lesson the AAF learned in North Africa was how to employ airpower in what? | Tactical situations. |
During the North African Campaign, airpower was used __________, as in an air umbrella | Defensively. |
During the North African Campaign, there was little _______________, interdiction, or air superiority | Close air support. |
During the North African Campaign, allied airpower was fragmented and __________ and allowed the Luftwaffe to concentrate and fight where it wanted. | Inflexible. |
During the North African Campaign, the Allies had given up what? | The initiative. |
The United States Strategic Bombing Survey (USSBS) discovered that the best targets would have been the __________ and the electrical system. | POL industry. |
Attacks on submarine pens and ball bearing plants were what? | Not as effective. |
British terror bombing of civilians was __________ and didn't lower German morale. | Ineffective. |
Bombers needed what to and from targets to minimize losses? | Fighter escorts. |
Tactical airpower was used in the Pacific Theater during WWII to interdict what? | Enemy positions, troops, and morale of forces. |
Tactical airpower was used in the Pacific Theater during WWII to establish what? | Air superiority that eventually wore down the Japanese. |
Doolittle Raiders attacked who? | Tokyo and three other cities. |
_____ AF, a strategic bombing unit, was formed in 1944 and began to attack Japan from bases in China with few results. | 20th. |
Gen LeMay changed from __________ to _________ bombing. | Daylight, night time. |
Gen LeMay used what type of bombs to destroy wooden structures? | Incendiary (fire). |
Bombing altitudes were lowered to 5K-9K feet to improve what? | Accuracy. |
Bombers carried larger bombs because machine guns were not needed due to little __________ or __________ opposition. | Fighter, AAA. |
Nuclear attacks on what two cities in Aug 1945 forced the Japanese to surrender? | Hiroshima and Nagasaki. |
What were the names of the two nuclear bombs used? | Little Boy (Hiroshima) and Fat Man (Nagasaki). |