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SPED - Emily Glaser
Communication Disorders
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Speech Disorder | Either a difficulty producing sounds or difficulty having proper voice quality or fluency of speech. |
| Language Disorder | Problems understanding, receiving, and comprehending information. |
| Cleft palate or Cleft Lip | A condition in which a person has a deep slit in the upper oral cavity or upper lip. |
| Dialect | Variation of language that reflects shared regional, social and ethnic factors. |
| Larynx | Voice box. |
| Pharynx | Space from the nasal cavities to the esophagus. |
| Articulation | Sequenced sounds created by a person specialized to individual words. Children with articulation disorders cannot successfully combine or execute these sounds. |
| Apraxia of Speech | A motor speech disorder in which a person plans to physically make speech but is inhibited in some way. This is often the result of a stroke, tumor, or head trauma, but can also be because of poor development. |
| Resonance | Determined by the space of the throat, mouth, and nose, this is the perceived quality of someone's voice. |
| Hyponasality | Air can only pass through the mouth and not through the nose. |
| Hypernasality | Sounds can only pass through the nasal cavity on sounds other than "m", "n", and "ng." |
| Fluency Disorders | Typically seen as interruptions in the flow of speech. A person with this disorder may speak at an abnormal rate or unnecessarily repeat syllables, words, and phrases. |
| Stuttering | The repetition or prolongation of a sound or word. |
| Phonology | The use of sounds to create meaningful syllables (i.e. words). Students with phonology disabilities may have problems discerning between sounds segments that signifies uniqueness of words. |
| Morphology | A system that determines the structure of words. A person with a disorder that inhibits their morphology often has trouble switching between tenses correctly. |
| Syntax | Rules of a language governing how words form sentences. Those with syntax disorders struggle with ordering information in a way that makes sense within a sentence. |
| Semantics | The meaning of what is said. This develops as a child's vocabulary grows. |
| Pragmatics | The use of communication as context. Non-verbal communication can be labeled under this, as well as simple verbalizations. This can also be characterized by communication between speaker and listener. |
| Social Interaction Theories | A belief that communication skills can be learned through various social interactions. |
| Specific Language Impairment | An impairment not related to any other physical or learning disability. |
| Organic Disorders | Disorders caused by neuromuscular mechanics in a person. |
| Functional Disorders | Disorders with no identifiable organic causes. |
| Bidialectal | One who uses two variations of a same language. |
Created by:
eglaser
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