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Anthropology Ch. 1
Ch. 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| anthropology | The study of humankind in all times and places. |
| applied anthropology | The use of anthropological knowledge and methods to solve practical problems, often for a specific client. |
| archaeology | The study of human cultures through the recovery and analysis of material remains and environmental data. |
| bioarchaeology | The archaeological study of human remains emphasizing the preservation of cultural and social processes in the skeleton. |
| biocultural | Focusing on the interaction of biology and culture. |
| cultural anthropology | The study of customary patterns in human behavior, thought, and feelings. It focuses on humans as culture–producing and culture–reproducing creatures. Also known as social or sociocultural anthropology. |
| cultural resource management | A branch of archaeology tied to government policies for the protection of cultural resources and involving surveying and/or excavating archaeological and historical remains threatened by construction or development. |
| culture | A society’s shared and socially transmitted ideas, values, and perceptions, which are used to make sense of experience and generate behavior and are reflected in that behavior. |
| culture–bound | Theories about the world and reality based on the assumptions and values of one’s own culture. |
| discourse | An extended communication on a particular subject. |
| doctrine | An assertion of opinion or belief formally handed down by an authority as true and indisputable. |
| empirical | based on observation of the world rather than on intuition or faith |
| ethnocentrism | The belief that the ways of one’s own culture are the only proper ones. |
| ethnography | A detailed description of a particular culture primarily based on fieldwork. |
| ethnology | The study and analysis of different cultures from a comparative or historical point of view, utilizing ethnographic accounts and developing anthropological theories that help explain why certain important differences or similarities occur among groups. |
| fieldwork | The term anthropologists use for on–location research. |
| forensic anthropology | Applied subfield of physical anthropology that specializes in the identification of human skeletal remains for legal purposes. |
| globalization | Worldwide interconnectedness, evidenced in global movements of natural resources, trade goods, human labor, finance capital, information, and infectious diseases. |
| holistic perspective | A fundamental principle of anthropology: that the various parts of human culture and biology must be viewed in the broadest possible context in order to understand their interconnections and interdependence. |
| hypothesis | A tentative explanation of the relation between certain phenomena. |
| informed consent | Formal recorded agreement to participate in research; federally mandated for all research in the United States and Europe. |
| linguistic anthropology | The study of human languages–looking at their structure, history, and relation to social and cultural contexts. |
| medical anthropology | A specialization in anthropology that combines theoretical and applied approaches from cultural and biological anthropology with the study of human health and disease. |
| molecular anthropology | A branch of biological anthropology that uses genetic and biochemical techniques to test hypotheses about human evolution, adaptation, and variation. |
| paleoanthropology | The study of the origins and predecessors of the present human species; the study of human evolution. |
| participant observation | In ethnography, the technique of learning a people’s culture through social participation and personal observation within the community being studied, as well as interviews and discussion with individual members of the group over an extended period of ti |
| physical anthropology | The systematic study of humans as biological organisms; also known as biological anthropology. |
| primatology | The study of living and fossil primates. |
| theory | In science, an explanation of natural phenomena, supported by a reliable body of data. |
Created by:
jmaris289
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