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Somatosensory EPs 2
Somatosensory evoked potentials 2
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Electrode placement lateral to the clavicle leads to a __ (higher / lower) amplitude of the N9 with only slightly different latency | higher |
In somatosensory evoked potentials, positive voltages are associated with an __ (upward/downward) deflection | downward |
__ is an UE small wave thought to be generated by the dorsal root entry zone surrounding the gray matter of the dorsal horn and dorsal columns; it is not routinely used in clinical practice | N11 |
__ has origins in the dorsal column and nucleus cuneatus | N13 |
The __ arm SEP wave probably represents the lemniscal paths ascending from the spinal cord into higher cervical regions | P14 |
P14 is a __ (near/far) field potential | far |
__ is the arm SEP thought to be associated with either the cerebral cortex or thalamocortical radiations | N20 |
__ is the first later peak generated after N20 in upper extemity recordings; it is likely generated by cortical relays | P30 |
Scalp SEPs of after __ weeks show a large __ (positive / negative) wave of over 200 msec latency | 24, negative |
In premature infants, a scalp SEP shows a large negative wave with a latency > __ msec | 200 |
As premature infants mature, the amplitude of the 200 msec wave __ (increases / decreases) | decreases |
The neonatal SEP __ (does / does not) vary with sleep state | does |
Adult SEP waveforms and latencies are reached between __ and __ years of age | 3, 10 |
Central conduction velocity in children is about __ m/s at birth and reaches adult conduction velocities (50 m/s) at age __ | 10, 8 |
Peripheral conduction velocity is __ - __ m/s at birth and reaches adult values of __ - __ m/sec at age __ - __ months | 20, 25, 60, 80, 12, 18 |
Amplitude of the cervical SEP decreases over age __ | 40 |
The temperature of a stimulated limb must be maintained at __ - __ degrees C | 20, 22 |
Using electrodes on the digits leads to __ (faster/slower) response times | slower |
If ring electrodes are used to stimulate the median nerve, they are used on digit __ or __ | 2, 3 |
If ring electrodes are used to stimulate the ulnar nerve, they are used on digit __ or __ | 5 |
If pure sensory stimulation of the radial nerve is desired, it is stimulated here | Radial aspect of the dorsal wrist |
If pure sensory stimulation of the musculocutaneous nerve is desired, the __ branch is stimulated approximately __ cm below the __ (lateral, medial) aspect of the cubital crease | 2, lateral |
Stimulus duration for an arm SEP is between __ - __ msec | 200, 300 |
The four main criteria for abnormality of an arm SEP | absence of a wave, decreased conduction velocity, increased absolute latency, increased interpeak latency |
The four waves used for interpretation of arm SEPs | EP, N13, P14, N20 |
Isolated absence of any of either of these two "big four" arm SEP waves can be normal | EP, P14 |
Normal N9 / EP latency for the median nerve | 11.8 |
Normal P14 SEP latency for the median nerve | 16.1 |
Normal N20 SEP latency for the median nerve | 21.5 |
Normal N13-N20 interval for SEPs | 7.1 |
The difference between the cervical potential and the scalp potential is known as this | central conduction time |
Maximal interside difference allowable for N9/Ep in msec | 0.87 |
Maximal interside difference allowable for P14 in msec | 0.7 |
Maximal interside difference allowable for N20 in msec | 1.2 |
Maximal interside difference allowable for N13-N20 difference in msec | 1.2 |