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8th Grade Chapter 1

Introduction to Physical Science

QuestionAnswer
brainstorming the process in which group members freely suggest any creative solutions to a problem
goal the purpose of a technological system
prototype a working model used to test a design
observing using one or more of your senses to gather information
scientific theory a well-tested explanation for a wide range of observations or experimental results
technology how people change the world around them to meet their needs or to solve practical problems
variable a factor that can change in an experiment
inferring when you explain or interpret the things you observe
troubleshooting identify the cause of any problems in a design
constraint a factor that limits or restricts a design
responding or dependent variable the variable that is expected to change because of another variable
engineer a person who is trained to use both technology and scientific knowledge to solve practical problems
data measurements, qualitative observations, and quantitative
output the result or product of a technological system
manipulated or independent variable the one variable that is purposely changed to test a hypothesis
chemistry the branch of physical science that studies the properties of matter and changes in matter
science An organized way of using evidence to learn about the natural world
technology the application of science for practical purposes
chemistry the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes
physics the science of matter and energy and their interactions
scientific method a method of investigation involving observation and theory to test scientific hypotheses
hypothesis a proposal intended to explain certain facts or observations, an educated guess
manipulated variable factor in an experiment that a scientist purposely changes; also known as independent variable
responding variable factor in an experiment that a scientist wants to observe, which may change in response to the manipulated variable; also known as a dependent variable
controlled experiment a test of the effect of a single variable by changing it while keeping all other variables the same
scientific theory An explanation supported by many tests and accepted by a general consensus of scientists.
scientific law a rule that describes a pattern in nature, a statement that describes what scientists expect to happen every time under a particular set of conditions
variables are things you can change
system a group of related parts that work together
inferring to explain the things you observe
trade-off an exchange in which one benefits is given up in order to obtain another
predicting the process for forecasting what will happen in the future based on evidence
communicating the process of sharing ideas with others thru writing and speaking
scientific inquiry the ongoing process of discovery in science
quantitative observation an observation that deals with a number or amount
qualitative observation this deals with characteristics that are not expressed in numbers
Created by: Mrs. Gordon
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