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Meteorology Final 2

Meteorology final exam

Question	Answer
The relative humidity within a cloud is ____100%	about
A mountain wave cloud is a	altocumulus lenticularis
Which cloud type is the warmest	stratus
Fog formed when warm humid air streams over the cold surface of a lake is called	advection fog
Nearby objects fixed on the ground, such as buildings or smokestaks, reflect radar signals. such radar echoes constitute	ground clutter
What type of cloud does NOT have a low base	cirrus
Which cloud is most likely composed of ice crystals only	cirrus
Fog formed when cold dry air streams over the surface of a relatively warm body of water is known as	steam fog
Most precipitation that falls in midaltitudes orignates in what type of cloud	cold
a warm cloud is composed of	tiny water droplets
An example of a cloud that is always cold is	cirrus
Which type of cloud would be most likely responsible for heavy rain	cumulonimbus
The convective condensation level closely corresponds in altitude to the base of what type of cloud	cumulonimbus
Which is most likely to be a warm cloud	stratus
The type of frozen precipitation sometimes produced by a summer thunderstorm	hail
The activation temperature of the most ice-forming nuclei is	well below 0 C.
A cloud that develops as a consequence of local convetion is	cumulonimbus
Which precipitation has the greatest terminal velocity	hailstone
A cloud that may be cold at the top and warm at low levels	cumulonimbus
Drizzle may be produced by what type of clouds	stratus
At the equator the Coriolis effect	is zero
Geostropic winds are	un-accelerated, horizontal movment of air that follows a straight path
A weak tornado is included in a	microscale system
In a geostropic wind, the horizontal pressure gradient is balanced by	the Coriolis effect
The pressure gradient force always acts directly across isobars towards	low pressure
The movement of air measured realtive to Earth's surface is known as	wind
What is numerically equivalent to a force per unit mass	acceleration
In the northern hemisphere, the Coriolis effect always acts	to the right of the direction of motion

A hurricane is included in what type of system	synoptic scale
The surface air pressure is higher in	an anticyclone
The surface air pressure is lower in	a cyclone
The Coriolis Effect arises from the fact that	Earth rotates
The Coriolis effect produces its maximum deflection at	the poles
In the southern hemisphere, the Coriolis effect always acts	to the left of the direction of motion
From largest to smallest, the scales of atmospheric circulation are desginated	planetary, synoptic, meso, micro
What the horizontal air pressure gradient is zero over a broad region,	the air is calm
Air that blows from the land to the sea typicaly undergoes horizonal ____ near the coastline	divergence
Air that blows from the sea to land typically undergoes horizontal ____ near the coastline	convergence
Horizontal winds are always named for the direction ___ they blow	from which
The trade winds in the two hemispheres converge in the	doldrums
A front is a narrow zone of transition between air masses that contrast in	temperature and or humidity
What type of low pattern occurs when masses of cold air surge southward and warm air streams northward	medidional
A synoptic scale cyclone is most likely to develop on what side of an upper air trough	east
What type of flow pattern is when the north-south exchange of air masses is minimul	zonal
An a typical day how many Rossby long-waves encircle the globe	2-5
An extreme and persistant El Nino	may be accompanied by weather extremes in various parts of the world
Where is the Icelandic low located	on average about 60 degrees N latitude over the North Atlantic
The western flank of a subtropical anticyclone is characterized by	relatively unstable air
Viewed from above in the Northern Hemisphere, surface winds about a subtropical high blow	clockwise and outward
Viewed from above in the Southern Hemisphere, surface winds about a subtropical high blow	counterclockwise and outward
A blocking circulation pattern during the summer of 1993 was responsible for what in the midwest	flooding
The average winter location of the polar front jet stream	southern United States
The average summer location of the polar front jet stream	southern Canada
In the Midwest, drought is most likely what type of circulation pattern in the westerlies	blocking
The eastern flank of a subtropical anticyclone is characterized by	dry climates
Long waves in the westerlies undergo changes in	wavelength, amplitude, number of waves
The intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ)	discontinuous low pressure belt with thunderstorms paralleling the equator
A synoptic scale cyclone is most likely to develop on what side of an upper air ridge	west
The Bermuda high is located	on average about 30 degrees N latitude over the Atlantic Ocean
Ahead of a surface warm front the intial wispy couds are called	cirrus
The warmest sector of a mature midlatitude cyclone is usually	southeast of the cyclone center
When land and water are exposed to the same intensity of solar radiation, the land heats up ____the water	more than
In equal volumes, which air masses exerts the highest surface air pressure	A
Usually air mass modification is most rapid when	continental polar air moves over bare ground
The type of front formed when the leading edge of cold air merges with a warm front is known as	an occluded front
In a wave cyclone, fog is most likely to develop	just ahead of the surface warm front
The coldest sector of a mature midlatitude cyclone is usually	northwest of the cyclone center
An intense synoptic scale cyclone tracks up the Mississippi River Valley and passes west of Chicago. As the cold front sweeps through Chicago, the wind shifts from the south to the	southwest
A type of cloud associated with fast moving well defined cold front	cumulonimbus
Cold fronts travel _____ warm fronts	faster than
Precipitation tends to be steady and prolonged to the ______sector of a wave cyclone	northeast
What is the surface wind direction in the northwest sector of a mature midlatitude cyclone	northwest
Most major winter storms that affect the St. Louis area follow which cyclone track?	Colorado
A source region for maritime tropical air is	tropical and subtropical ocean
Warm and humid air is	mT
What is a Native American word that, according to tradition, means snoweater	Chinook
In winter, continental polar air is ____ maritime polar air	colder than
Contrasting air masses are brought together to form fronts by surface winds around centers of	low pressure
An example of a cold-core anticyclone is	an artic high
Violent weather is most likely to occur during the	mature stage
A severe thunderstom may be accompanied by	hail, damaging surface winds, frequent lightning
A feature sometimes present in thunderstorms that may prolong the mature stage is	a tilted updraft
In the United States, tornadoes are most often triggered by	cyclones
The mature stage of the life cycle of a thunderstorm cell is characterized by	both updrafts and downdrafts
The dissipating stage of the life cycle of a thunderstorm cell is characterized by	downdrafts only
A thunderstom cloud	cumulonimbus
A gust front is associated with an	intense thunderstorm
In the United States, thunderstorms are most frequent in	central Florida
Hail is most likely to be produced by thunderstorm cells that are characterized by	strong updrafts, great vertical development, an abundant supply of supercooled water droplets
The anvil of a thunderstorm cloud is likely to be	a cold cloud composed of ice crystals
As a general rule of thumb, the higher the top of a cumulonimbus cloud the	more severe the thunderstorm cell
Microbursts are particularly dangerous for aircraft on takeoff or landing because they trigger	wind shear
A tornadic circulation that remains aloft and does not touch the Earth's surface is known as a	funnel cloud
A mesoscale convective complex (MCC)	consists of numerous interacting thunderstorm cells
Typically, all tornadoes that occur each year in the US are rated as	weak on the F-scale
The most intense tornadoes are rated	5 on the F-scale
Over the course of a year, which state will likely experience the most tornadoes	Kansas
In the United States, the months of peak tornado activity are	April, May, June
Typical weather within the eye of a hurricane consists of	fair skies and light winds
Hurricanes do not form at latitude 30 degrees N because	the surface ocean water is too cold
Most hurricane related fatalities are caused by	coastal and inland flooding
It is _____ for tornadoes to accompany hurricanes	usual
Usually the most destructive aspect of a hurricane is	storm surge
The source of energy that sustains a hurricane circulation is	latent heat
A hurricane breeding ground	Indian Ocean east of Madagascar, the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal, the Gulf of Mexico
Hurricane winds _____ as the storm moves over land	weaken rapidly
The first sign that a hurricane may be developing over tropical seas is the appearance of	an organized cluster of cumulonimbus clouds
The most hurricane prone location in the US is	Key West, Florida
The highest wind speeds in a hurricane occur	in the eye wall
The central pressure is _____ in a hurricane than in a typical midlatitude cyclone	lower
The major source of energy in a hurricane is	release of latent heat of vaporization
Sustained surface winds in a hurricane are	greater than 74 mi per hour
Most Northern Hemisphere hurricanes occur from	June through Novemeber
The eye of a hurricane typically	shrinks in diameter as a hurricane intensifies, features subsiding air, is surrounded by a ring of cumulonimbus clouds
As a hurricane tracks inland,	its wind diminishes, central pressure rises, and rains continue
When a hurricane threatens low lying coastal areas, the most prudent strategy for residents is to	evacuate to an inland shelter
When wind speeds reach 39 mi per hour the system is classified as a	tropical storm

Created by: Val529

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