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Eur Sci Rev
Scientific Revolution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Scientific knowledge before 1500 was based on this philosopher | Aristotle |
| He wrote "On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres" postulating that the Earth moved and not the stars and that the Earth was one planet among others and that the universe was not limited by crystalline spheres. | Copernicus |
| Astronomer who built an advanced observatory where he made observations for 20 years generating data that was used by later astronomers. Never adopted Copernican system | Tycho Brahe |
| Mathematician who originated three laws of planetary motion showing that the planets' orbits are elliptical and their speeds vary; invalidated Aristotle and Ptolemy | Johannes Kepler |
| Formulated the law of inertia challenging Aristotle's idea that the natural state of matter was rest; used the telescope to see that heavenly bodies were imperfect; arrested by the Roman Inquisition for defending Copernican cosmology | Galileo Galilei |
| Brought many threads of the revolutionary scientific work together to create a synthetic cosmology; discovered law of universal gravitation that operates with mathematical precision. Most famous work was his "Principia" | Sir Isaac Newton |
| Advocated experimental research and the inductive way of reasoning, meaning that general truths are drawn from many empirical facts | Sir Francis Bacon |
| Mathematician who developed analytic geometry bringing together algebra and geometry. His first rule of science to doubt everything and then use deductive reasoning; only two types of substances, the physical and the spiritual. | Rene Descartes |
| Academy of science established in London to promote scientific endeavor and the dissemination of scientific work | Royal Academy |
| Reasoning that goes from the general to the specific | Deductive reasoning |
| Reasoning from a specific case or cases to a general rule | Inductive reasoning |
| Regarded as the "father of Microbiology" for his work on improving the microscope and his observations of single-celled organisms | Antoine van Leeuwenhoek |
| Astronomer, geophysicist, mathematician, meteorologist, and physicist; charted solar heating as the cause of atmospheric motions; convinced Newton to publish his Principia and paid for it; predicted the return of a comet now named for him | Edmund Halley |
| Invented the mechanical calculator, was a child prodigy and made many additions to math that are still used today; later underwent a religions conversion and devoted himself to writing about Catholicism after his conversion to Jansenism | Blaise Pascal |
| Developed the chronometer which enabled ships to figure out longitude | John Harrison |
| Body of techniques for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting and integrating previous knowledge | Scientific Method |
Created by:
betsynewmark