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cardioresp system- 7
chapter 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ____ contracts most force | left ventricle |
| vagus nerve= | innervate heart and digestive system (parasympathetic) |
| right ventricle pumps blood through____ to be sent to the lungs | pulmonary arteries |
| pulmonary veins empty blood into | left atrium |
| right side= | systemic |
| left side= | pulmonic |
| electrical synapses and gapjuntions make up | cardiac muscle |
| conductive fibers in AV node | bundle of his |
| conductive fibers in ventricle walls | purkinje fibers |
| allow for more unified, and stronger contractions | purkinje fibers |
| veins have more volume of blood and are larger in lumen size compared to | arteries |
| BP is high in _____ and low in _____ | heart; capillaries |
| velocity is greatest in | arteries |
| cross sectional area is smallest in | arteries |
| delays contraction of the ventricles | AV node |
| cardiac output= | SV x HR |
| pump oxygentaed blood | left ventricle/ atria |
| inferior/superior vena cava--> right A and V, tricupids valve---> pulmonary arteries--> lungs | deoxygentated blood |
| lungs--> pulmonary vein --> left A and V, mitral valve ---> Aorta | oxygenated blood |
| ____ is a skeletal muscle and innervated by phrenic nerve | diaghragm |
| microtubule cillia is found in | ependymal cells of spinal cord |
| acidosis ( too much acid in the blood) will make the body | increase breathing rate |
| CO2 is carried in blood via | bicarbonate ion |
| Increase in CO2= | oxygen dissociation curves shift to the RIGHT |
| Increase in H+= | oxygen dissociation curves shift to the RIGHT |
| Increase in T= | oxygen dissociation curves shift to the RIGHT |
| oxygen dissociation curves shift to the RIGHT means | hemoglobin has a lower affinity for oxygen |
| 2,3-DPG shift oxygen dissociation curves shift to the | RIGHT |
| shift of the oxygen dissociation curves thanks to pH= | BOHR shift |
| oxygen concentration and pH are monitored by | peripheral chemoreceptors |
| breathing rate is affected by | central Chemoreceptors (medulla); peripheral chemoreceptors ( coratid arteries and aorta) |
| alkalosis causes | increase blood pH from hyperventillation. Hyperventillation causes decrease in CARBONIC (b/c u have less CO2) |
| LESS CO2= LESS CARBONIC ACID =? | INCREASE IN PH |
| CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITOR= | rate of gas exchange in lungs would decrease |
| increase co2 production= | increase carboxyhemoglobin |
| job of erythrocyte | deliver O2 and remove CO2 |
| blood is what type of tissue | connective |
| blood compostition | plasma, buffycoat, RBC |
| proteins in plasma= | albumin, Immunoglobulins, clotting factors |
| immunoglobulins are aka | antibodies |
| Plasma minus clotting factor fibrinogen = | serum |
| source of AA for tissue protein replacement | plasma proteins |
| leukocytes= do containorganelles, but not | hemoglobin |
| granular leukocytes= | (BEN) --- basophl, neurtophil, eosinophil |
| Agranular leukocyte= | Monocytes, megakaryocytes, lymphocytes |
| macrophage made from | monocyte |
| Megakaryocytes in bone marrow make | platelets |
| inflammation | basophil |
| parasitic infection | eosinophil |
| b cells (humoral) | liver, bone marrow |
| T cell (cell-mediated) | thymus |
| helper t cells help B lyphocytes differentiate into | plasma cells (memmory B cells) |
| HIV attacks | helper T cells |
| 4 types of T lymphotcytes= | helper, killer, supressor, memory |
| Lymphocyte has 3 divisions:: | T- lymphocyte, B- lymphocyte, and natural killers |
| killer T cells release | perforin (punctures antigen carrying cell) |
| Rh negative | mother |
| Rh positive | fetus |
| A blood | A antigens, B antibodies |
| B blood | B antigens, A antibodies |
| O blood | neither A or B antigens, BUT HAS both A and B antibodies |
| lymphatic vessels absorb blood from | interstitial fluid and takes it back to blood |
| innate immunity= | attacks foreign invaders with white blood cells called GRANULOCYTES as well as inflammation. DOESNT USE T CELL OR B CELL!!! |
Created by:
zrsoori
on 2010-06-04