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Engineering Ethics

This stack focuses on all the essential information for PHL 215

TermDefinition
What are the 4 types of dishonesty? Lying, Deliberate Deception, Withholding Information, and Failure to Seek the Truth
Lying Intentionally/Knowingly conveying false information
Deliberate Deception Misrepresenting/Exaggerating some truth
Withholding Information Failure to bring up relevant information
Failure to Seek Truth Accepting data as "good enough" and not inquiring further
What does Utilitarianism state on why dishonesty is bad? Good, beneficial outcomes are dependent upon access to the truth. Falsehood rarely leads to good outcomes
What does Virtue Ethics state on why dishonesty is bad? Honesty is a classical and modern virtue
What does Respect for Persons state on why dishonesty is bad? Being dishonest infringes upon one's moral agency and lack to access of truth to make a informed decision
Confidentiality for engineers in private practice Confidentiality agreements with clients
Confidentiality for engineers in companies Non-disclosure agreements as condition of employment
What are the 4 types of intellectual property? Patents, Trade Secrets, Copyright, and Trademarks
Patents Issued by government to patent owner in public domain if invention is new, useful, and obvious
Trade Secrets Formulas, patterns, and compilations of information not in public domain
Copyright Protection of expression of idea, not the idea itself
Trademarks Words, phrases, sounds, and symbols correlated to goods and services
Conflict of Interest When a professional has interests that tend to make a professional's judgement less likely to benefit the client/customer than they are justified in expecting
Engineer's definition of risk Risk = Probability * Magnitude of Harm
Limitations to accurately assess risk Cannot anticipate all events, Human error, Nature of event, "a priori" (Inherent to structure of problem itself), "a posteriori"(Probabilities derived from data taken from real world), and complexity
Layperson's View of Risk View from perspective of general public that has tendency to under/overestimate risk and not always based on accurate factual knowledge
Expert's View of Risk General principle that guides decisions is that health and safety are higher priority
Communication of risk to public 1) Alert - Any imminent danger or immediate threats 2) Inform - Provide facts so people can make better informed decisions 3) Advise - Serve as advisor on standard committees for updating codes, regulations standards in line w/ latest tech advancements
Intristic Value Value that comes from within itself for its own sake
Instrumental Value Value comes from outside itself (usually assigned by humans)
Anthropocentric Ethics Ethics where only humans have intristic moral value
Non-anthropocentric Ethics Some parts of the natural world have intristic moral value
Degree of Harm Cost is not a factor in removing threats to human health, but when degree of harm is uncertain, economic factors may be considered
Sub-minimal Response to Environment Doing less than what is required, not following laws/regulations
Minimalist Response Companies comply with regulations; viewed as cost of doing business
Progressive Response Beyond compliance; going above and beyond
Steps of Life Cycle Analysis 1) Goal and Scope - Fully defining product/process 2) Inventory Analysis - Identifying inputs & outputs for product/process 3) Impact Assessment - Environmental impacts including ecological, human health, etc. 4) Interpretation - Evaluation of results
Sustainable Development Goals 1) Economic Growth 2) Fair distribution of resources 3) Democratic political systems 4) Lifestyles compatible with ecological realities 5) Population levels compatible with ecological realities
Created by: Rhinorudolph
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