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10th History
Chapter 14 Notes Modern Europe
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| the belief that the king/queen was established by God and thereofre was above human laws | the belief that the king/queen was established by God and therefore was above human laws |
| the name of the French royal family | Bourbon |
| became the chief minister during the reign of Luis XIII; to increase his power, he started persecuting French Huguenots | Cardinal Richelieu |
| the royal guard for the king of France while he was outside the palace | Musketeers |
| known as the sun king; his reign lasted for 72 years and he built the famous palce of Versaillies | Louis XIV |
| (ruled 1754-1792); he was the last king before the fall of the French monarchy; he was executed in 1793 with the use of the French guillotine | Louis XVI |
| the wife of King Louis XVI; said, "let them eat cake" | Marie Antioneet |
| Storming of the Bastille | (July 14, 1789); the beginning of the French Revolution |
| (1789-1799); the French people overthrew their royal absolute gov't and tried to for a democracy | French Revolution |
| he created a French empire in the early 1800s; became emperor until he was defeated by the Duke of Wellington at the Battle of Waterloo | Napolean |
| the rulers of Prussia who eventually worked to unite a German speaking state | Hohenzollerns |
| "Great Elector"; became the most powerful German prince who put several German territories into 1 Prussian state | Fredrick William |
| "The Great"; he tripled the size of Prussia and introduced much social reform and industry | Fredrick II |
| (1861-1871); in 1871, he becomes the first king of a unified Germany (1871-1888) | Kaiser Wilhelm I of Prussia |
| he was made Chancelor of Germany in 1862; he helped promote German unification | Otto Von Bismarck |
| Italian Unification: Giuseppe Mazzini started a patriarchic society called ____ ____ which wanted Italian unification (1832) | Young Italy |
| Italian Unification: Giuseppe Garibaldi raised an army called the _________ that began to fight for Italian unification | redshirts |
| (1861); became the first king of a unified Italy | Victor Emmanuel II |
| the rulers of the country of Austria for several centuries | Hapsburg Family |
| the only female Emperess to ever rule the Austrian Empire | Maria Theresa |
| the family that ruled the Russian empire from 1613-1917 when their 300 year domination came to an end | Romanov Family |
| Zar Peter I (Peter the Great) began a program of _________ and ________ to improve Russia; he expanded territory to include a warm water port. | westernization modernization |
| "Catherine the Great"' she was the widow of Peter III and possibly had him murdered; she increased the power of the monarchy, encouraged education reform, and continued to expand Russian territory | Catherine II of Russia |
| he was the son of Mary Queen of Scots; he united the crown of Scotland and England and became the first Stuart monarch | James I of England |
| Who made the King James Bible and who is it named after? | James I of England |
| Who was Jamestown, VA named after? | James I of England |
| he fought with Parliament over power and control of the gov't; this leads to the English civil war and his execution | Charles I |
| The Petition of Rights | the king didn't have the right to pass taxes without consent of parliament |
| he lead the English commonwealth from 1649-1660 and ruled over England as "Lord Protector" | Oliver Cromwell |
| the restoration of the Stuart monarchy occurred under him | King Charles II |
| a practicing Catholic and also a believer in the absolute power of the king | King James II |
| The Glorious Revolution (1689) was the bloodless transfer of power from King ________ to his daughter ______ and her husband _____________. | James II Mary William of Orange |
| The English Bill of Rights (Know 2) | limited royal power established civil liberties said future kings had to be Protestant |
| Act of Settlement (1701) | parliament will decide in the future who will be king or queen of England |
| the sister of Mary and last Stuart monarch; the parliaments of Scotland and England were united | Queen Ann |
| a Protestant German prince who was given the throne of England; he started the Hanovarian line | George I |
| cabinet system developed under his reign | George II |
| tried to take power from parliament, encouraged heavy taxes, and helped cause the American Revolution | George III |
| Queen Victoria is know as the grandmother of Europe because: | her children and grandchildren married into many other royal families |
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