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chem final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| matter | anything that has mass and occupies space |
| precision | measure of reproducibility |
| scientific law | statements that describe things that are consistently and reproducibly observed |
| physical change | change in which the chemical composition of matter is not altered |
| science | an approach that is used to try to make sense out of how the universe operates |
| specific heat | the amount of heat energy required to raise the temp of 1 g of the substance by 1 degrees C |
| accuracy | this is related to how close a measured value isto a true value |
| scientific theory | an experimentally tested explanation of an observed behavior |
| density | the amount of mass in a given volume |
| chemistry | the branch of science involved with the study of matter and its changes |
| (chemical or physical change) snow melting in parking lot | physical |
| (chemical or physical change) mixing salt into snow/water to speed up process | chemical |
| (qualitative or quantitative) temperature of patient is 98.6 degrees C | quantitative |
| (qualitative or quantitative) patient looks pale | qualitative |
| (mass, length, volume, energy, temp) grams | mass |
| (mass, length, volume, energy, temp) joules | energy |
| (mass, length, volume, energy, temp) fahrenheit | temp |
| (mass, length, volume, energy, temp) liters | volume |
| (mass, length, volume, energy, temp) inches | length |
| (mass, length, volume, energy, temp) cm^3 | volume |
| F to C equation | C=F-32/1.8 |
| C to K equation | K=C+273.15 |
| C to F equation | F=(C*1.8)+32 |
| chemistry | study of fundamental principles of chemistry |
| organic chemistry | study of chemistry of carbon |
| biochemistry | study of chemistry of living things |
| where is the atomic symbol? | the chemical |
| where is atomic mass? | the top number |
| where is the atomic number? | the bottom number |
| where is the atomic weight? | the number under the chemical |
| isotopes are atoms of an element that have different numbers of ... | neutrons |
| on a periodic table, _____ are vertical columns and ____ are horizontal rows | - groups - periods |
| what is avogadro's number? | 6.02*10^23 |
| what does 1 mole of carbon weight? | 12.01 grams |
| what is the only element the Bohr model works for? | hydrogen |
| (give electrons and valence electrons) | - 6 electrons - 4 valence electrons |
| (give electrons and valence electrons) magnesium | - 12 electrons - 2 valence electrons |
| (give electrons and valence electrons) chlorine | - 17 electrons - 7 valence electrons |
| (give electrons and valence electrons) hydrogen | - 1 electron - 1 valence electron |
| (give electrons and valence electrons) potassium | - 19 electrons - 1 valence electron |
| (give electrons and valence electrons) neon | - 10 electrons - 8 valence electrons |
| ion | they have an unequal number of protons and electrons |
| polyatomic ion | an atom formed from two or more atoms |
| octet rule | atoms gain, lose, or share valence electrons in order to end up with 8 valence electrons |
| ionic bond | compounds that are constructed from cations and anions. these compounds are held together by those opposite charges |
| covalent bond | these are shared electrons between 2 atoms |
| single bond | a sigma bond |
| pi bond | found in double and triple bonds |
| molecules | uncharged groups of atoms connected to one another by covalent bonds |
| diatomic elements | H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, and I2 are examples |
| (give valence electrons, single bonds, and double bonds) CHOH | - 12 valence electrons - 3 single bonds - 1 double bond |
| (give valence electrons, single bonds, and double bonds) CH4 | - 8 valence electrons - 4 single bonds - 0 double bonds |
| (give valence electrons, single bonds, and double bonds) NH3 | - 8 valence electrons - 3 single bonds - 0 double bonds |
| (give valence electrons, single bonds, and double bonds) H2O | - 8 valence electrons - 2 single bonds - 0 double bonds |
| (give valence electrons, single bonds, and double bonds) CO2 | - 16 valence electrons - 2 single bonds - 2 double bonds |
| how many valence electrons does carbon have? | 4 |
| how many valence electrons does oxygen have? | 6 |
| how many valence electrons does flourine have? | 7 |
| how many valence electrons does hydrogen have? | 1 |
| what makes a bond nonpolar covalent? | less than 0.5 |
| what makes a bond polar covalent? | between 0.5-1.9 |
| what makes a bond ionic? | greater than 1.9 |
| hydrogen bond | N, O, or F atoms attract to the hydrogen that is attached to an N, O, or F atom |
| dipole-dipole forces | attraction of neighboring polar groups |
| london forces | has temporary dipoles |
| standard temperature and pressure in atm and K | - 1 atm - 273.15 K |
| what do you measure when using a barometer? | atmospheric pressure |
| pressure is ________ proportional to volume | inversely |
| temperature is ____________ proportional to pressure | directly |
| hydrophobic | water fearing |
| hydrophilic | water loving |
| amphipathic | mix of hydrophobic and hydrophilic |
Created by:
KimBriann
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