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ANAT 411 BC misc
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| skin, subcutaneous tissue, external intercostal m., internal intercostal m., innermost intercostal n., endothoracic fascia, parietal pleura, visceral pleura | layers of thoracic cage |
| where does parietal pleura end in the thoracic cavity, going towards the lungs | hilum |
| what should be within the pleural cavity of the lungs | nothing |
| reflects off of the ribs anteriorly, root of the neck superiorly, and roof of diaphragm inferiorly | parietal pleura |
| fluid between parietal and visceral pleura | pleural effusion |
| where does the trachea bifurcate | T4, sternal angle |
| last cartilaginous ring before bifurcation of trachea | carina |
| how many lobar bronchi are in each lung | 3 on right, 2 on left |
| part of mediastinum where great vessels (SVC, IVC, and aorta) are located | superior mediastinum |
| part of mediastinum where pericardium, heart, and branches of aorta are | middle mediastinum |
| located in the superior mediastinum and is important in embryonic circulation, becomes a fibrous remnant after birth, immediate relationship to L. recurrent laryngeal n., between aorta and pulmonary trunk, previously called ductus arteriosus | ligamentum arteriosum |
| surrounds the heart and roots of the great vessels, reflection of pericardium onto the great vessels is significant embryologically and defines the pericardial sinuses | pericardial sac |
| part of mediastinum, behind the lungs, against vertebrae and ribs, inferior to sternal angle | posterior mediastinum |
| esophagus and associated n. plexuses (part of vagus n.), thoracic aorta and its branches, azygos system of veins, thoracic duct and associated lymph nodes, sympathetic trunks/chains, thoracic splanchnic nerves | contents of posterior mediastinum |
| viscera communicate between thorax and abdomen through openings in the diaphragm: IVC at T8, esophagus at T10, and descending aorta at T12 (I ate 10 eggs at noon) | communication between thorax and abdomen |
| principle channel through which lymph from most of the body is returned to venous system ("duck" between w "goose": esophagus and azygos) | thoracic duct |
| skin, subcutaneous tissue, scarpa's fascia, ext. oblique m., int. oblique m., transverse abdominis m., transversalis fascia, extraperitoneal fat, peritoneum | layers of abdominal wall |
| demarcates transition between aponeurotic posterior wall of sheath covering superior 3/4 of rectus and transversalis fascia covering inferior 1/4, fibers change direction | arcuate line |
| superficial to rectus abdominis and inferior to arcuate line | ext. oblique m. and int. oblique m. |
| superficial to rectus abdominis and inferior to arcuate line | ext. oblique m., int. oblique m., and transverse abdominis m. |
| deep to rectus abdominis and superior to arcuate line | transversalis fascia |
| deep to rectus abdominis and inferior to arcuate line | transversalis fascia |
| where anterior and posterior layers of rectus sheath interlace in anterior median line | linea alba |
| present in both males and females; males: spermatic cord runs through here and goes down to testes, bigger canal; females: round ligament of uterus runs through here and sits within labia majora, smaller canal | inguinal canal |
| start on posterior aspect of abdominal wall then descend through layers of anterior abdominal wall which constructs inguinal canal as they move through it and down to the scrotum | migration of testes |
| peritoneum, transversalis fascia, transversus abdominis, int. oblique m., ext. oblique m. | previous layers around testes |
| structure that will surround the testes and has both parietal and visceral layers | processes vaginalis |
| found on inferior layer that guides the testes down | gubernaculum |
| processes vaginalis, internal spermatic fascia, cremater m., ext. spermatic fascia | new layers around testes |
| entrance of inguinal canal is where vas deferens or testicular vessels in males or round ligament in females pass to enter the canal, indirect inguinal hernias found here | deep inguinal ring |
| where spermatic cord in males or round ligament in females exit the inguinal canal, direct inguinal hernias found here | superficial inguinal ring |
| what travels through inguinal canal, carries neurovasculature that supplies testes and scrotum | spermatic cord |
| vas deferens, pampiniform plexus of veins, testicular a. | contents of spermatic cord |
| where seminiferous tubules communicate with prostate and seminal vesicles, sperm will be transferred from testes to urethra | vas deferens |
| contributes to covering of scrotum and testes and is made up of a parietal and visceral layer | tunica vaginalis |
| covers surface of testes | visceral layer of tunica vaginalis |
| adjacent to int. spermatic fascia | parietal layer of tunica vaginalis |
| cavity that contains nothing under non-pathological conditions except for an egg briefly in a female | cavity between visceral and parietal layers of tunica vaginalis |
| tough outer fibrous layer surrounding testes proper, thickens to form mediastinum of testis which creates septa within the testis | tunica albuginea |
| elongated structure on posterior and superior surface of testis; communicates with vas deferens; has a head, body, and tail | epididymis |
| reflections of parietal and visceral peritoneum create this which is sectioned off into the "greater" sac and "lesser" sac and only contains a thin film of peritoneal fluid | peritoneal cavity |
| describes regions that are posterior to the peritoneum on posterior abdominal wall (ex. is kidneys) | retroperitoneal |
| describes regions that are inside peritoneal wall | intraperitoneal |
| have to go through the lesser omentum (between liver and stomach) to get to it, posterior to stomach | lesser sac |
| double layer of tissue, attaches visceral and parietal layers | mesentery |
| the communication between the lesser sac (omental bursa) and greater sac, portal triad sits on the anterior aspect | epiploic foramen |
| made up of a double layer of peritoneum | lesser omentum |
| 4 layered peritoneal fold that overlies the intestines and hangs down from the greater curvature of the stomach like an apron, contains inflammation | greater omentum |
| stomach, duodenum, liver, gallbladder, spleen, splenic trunk, pancreas, lesser sac | contents of foregut |
| joins with common hepatic duct to form common bile duct | cystic duct |
| combines with main pancreatic duct to form ampulla | common bile duct |
| part of gut, starts at distal duodenum/where common bile duct drains into duodenum and ends 2/3 of the way through the transverse colon | midgut |
| how are the parts of the gut split | by what supplies the region |
| part of the gut, starts 2/3 of the way through the transverse colon, ends 2/3 of the way through the anal canal, musculature changes, covered completely by mesentery | hindgut |
| loss of haustra and epiploic appendages, broadening of teniae coli into longitudinal m., inner circular m. that contributes to peristalsis and stability | transition of sigmoid colon to rectum |
| sacrum and coccyx | sacral curvature of rectum |
| sacral curvature and perineal curvature | curvatures of rectum |
| provides secretions that lubricate urethra for ejaculation, located posterolateral to urethra in ext. urethral sphincter | bulbo-urethral gland |
| fills with prostatic secretions | prostatic sinus |
| remnant of uterus in males | orifice of prostatic utricle |
| dorsum of penis, glans penis, ext. urethral orifice, corona of glans, body of penis | male urogenital triangle |
| anatomical position of penis is relative to what state | erect |
| where the urogenital triangle and anal triangle meet | perineal body |
| ant. commissure, post. commissure, labia majora, labia minora, glans clitoris, greater vestibular glands, urethral opening, vaginal opening, vestibule, crus of clitoris | female urogenital triangle |
| what part of the female urogenital triangle is synonymous with the scrotum of males | labia majora |
| area that contains urethral and vaginal openings | vestibule |
| part of female urogenital triangle that is synonymous with corpora cavernosum | crus of clitoris |
| lie on either side of vestibule of vagina, secrete mucous into vestibule of vagina during sexual arousal, just deep within labia majora | greater vestibular glands |
Created by:
emma.scarmon-coyotes
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