active voluntary process where food must be placed into the mouth before it can be acted on

foods must be propelled from one organ to the next in order to be processed

involuntary & involves alternating waves of contraction & relzxation of the muscles in the organ wall

may help propel foodstuffs through the small intestine, normally only moves food back & forth across the internal wall of the organ

mixing of food in the mouth by the tongue, churning of food in the stomach, & segmentation in the small intestine

sequence of steps in which large food molecules are broken down into their building blocks by enzymes

transport of digested end products from the lumen of the GI tract to the blood or lymph

elimination of indigestible substances from the body via the anus in the form of feces

deglutition (swallowing)

involves coordinated activity of several structures (tongue, soft palate, pharynx, & esophogas)

voluntary, occurs in the mouth, once food has been chewed & well mixed with saliva, the bolus is fored into the pharynx by the tongue

pharyngeal-esophaageal phase

transports food through the pharynx & esophogas

regulated by both neural & hormonal factors

prods the stomach glands to produce still more of the protein-digesting enzymes, mucus, & hydrochloric acid

reverse peristalsis occuring in the stomach accompanied by contraction of the abdominal muscles & the diaphragm, which increases the pressure on the abdominal organs

break down double sugars into simple sugars and complete protein digestion

enzyme-rich, deluge the food entering the small intesting, ducted in from the pancrease

influence the release of pancreatic juice and bile

solid(ish) product delivered to the rectum, contains undigested food residues, mucus, millions of bacteria, and just enouhg water to allow smooth passage

long, slow-moving but powerful contractile waves that move over large areas of the colon three or four times daily & force the contents toward the rectum

spinal reflex that causes the walls of the sigmoid colon and the rectom to contract and the anal sphincters to relax

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Anatomy

Digestive System

Question	Answer
ingestion	active voluntary process where food must be placed into the mouth before it can be acted on
propulsion	foods must be propelled from one organ to the next in order to be processed
peristalsis	involuntary & involves alternating waves of contraction & relzxation of the muscles in the organ wall
segmentation	may help propel foodstuffs through the small intestine, normally only moves food back & forth across the internal wall of the organ
mechanical digestion	mixing of food in the mouth by the tongue, churning of food in the stomach, & segmentation in the small intestine
chemical digestion	sequence of steps in which large food molecules are broken down into their building blocks by enzymes
absorption	transport of digested end products from the lumen of the GI tract to the blood or lymph
defecation	elimination of indigestible substances from the body via the anus in the form of feces
deglutition (swallowing)	involves coordinated activity of several structures (tongue, soft palate, pharynx, & esophogas)
buccal phase	voluntary, occurs in the mouth, once food has been chewed & well mixed with saliva, the bolus is fored into the pharynx by the tongue
pharyngeal-esophaageal phase	transports food through the pharynx & esophogas
gastric juice	regulated by both neural & hormonal factors
gastrin	prods the stomach glands to produce still more of the protein-digesting enzymes, mucus, & hydrochloric acid
vomiting	reverse peristalsis occuring in the stomach accompanied by contraction of the abdominal muscles & the diaphragm, which increases the pressure on the abdominal organs
brush border enzymes	break down double sugars into simple sugars and complete protein digestion
pancreatic juice	enzyme-rich, deluge the food entering the small intesting, ducted in from the pancrease
secretin	influence the release of pancreatic juice and bile
cholecystokinin	influence the release of pancreatic juice and bile
feces	solid(ish) product delivered to the rectum, contains undigested food residues, mucus, millions of bacteria, and just enouhg water to allow smooth passage
mass movements	long, slow-moving but powerful contractile waves that move over large areas of the colon three or four times daily & force the contents toward the rectum
defecation reflex	spinal reflex that causes the walls of the sigmoid colon and the rectom to contract and the anal sphincters to relax

Created by: SophomoreStud08

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