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Stack #41345
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Processes of Reproduction | formation of specialized sex cells, preparation of the female body for pregnancy, sexual intercourse |
| Types of Reproduction | sexual, asexual |
| Gamates | specialized sex cells in humans; sexual reproduction |
| Asexual Reproduction | no sex; worms |
| Gonads | AKA sex glands; males, females |
| Male Gonads | testes; AKA sex glands |
| Female Gonads | ovaries; AKA sex glands |
| Types of Sexual Characteristics of the Male | primary, secondary |
| Primary Sexual Characteristics of the Male | internal reproductive structures, penis, scrotum and testes |
| Secondary Sexual Characteristics of the Male | dependant on the secretion of testosterone (male hormone); muscle development, manufacture of sperm, growth of facial hair |
| Testes | function is to produce sperm and testosterone; one to two months before birth (usually) they descend through the inguinal canal; they are suspended from the spermatic cord |
| Spermatic Cord | contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves |
| Vas Deferens | carries sperm away from the teste; AKA ductus deferens; goes up and around from each teste; vasectomy |
| Seminiferous Tubules | specialized cells in the teste which contain and produce spermatozoa; between the tubules are specialized cells callled interstitial cells |
| Interstitial Cells | produce testosterone and sperm; specialized cells between the seminiferous tubules |
| Testosterone | hormone responsible for the development of secondary sex characteristics in the male |
| Epididymis | carries sperm from the tubules inside the teste; very highly coiled tube; about 20ft in lenth; coiled on top of the teste; inside the scrotum, on top of the teste, and down the teste's side; connects to the vas deferens; connect to the seminal vesicle |
| Seminal Vesicle | are connected to the vas deferens and the ejaculatory duct |
| Ejaculatory Duct | travels through the prostate gland and then the urethra |
| Sperm's Path | testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, ejaculatory duct, through prostate gland, urethra |
| Urethra | ejaculation; functions in the urinary and reproductive system in males |
| Ejaculation | forceful expulsion of semen through the urethra to the outside |
| Semen | mixture of sperm with various secretions expelled from the body |
| Functions of Secretions | nourish sperm, transport sperm, neutralizes acidity of the vaginal tract, lubricates the reproductive tract during intercourse |
| Glands that Contribute to Secretions | seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands |
| Seminal Vesicles | function to secrete a substance to nourish sperm and give them motility |
| Prostate Gland | secretes an alkaline substance to neutralize the acidity of the vagina and enhance motility |
| Bulbourethral Glands | AKA Cowper's glands; the size of a pea; found just below the prostate gland; secrete lubricant (precum) |
| Purpose of the Urethra | urinary and reproductive systems |
| Penis | spingy tissue that contains many blood spaces tht fill when the organ is erect; corpus cavernosa, corpus spongiosum; prepuce; ejaculation; spermatozoa; sertoli cells |
| Corpus Spongiosum | sponge-like erectile tissue in the penis |
| Prepuce | fold of skin which covers the glans penis; AKA foreskin; removed in circumcision |
| Circumcision | removal of prepuce (foreskin); normally done in the hospital; Jewish-done in ceremony by a mole |
| Ejaculation | the forceful expulsion of semen; during ejaculation or evacuation, the voluntary sphincter at the base of the bladder closes to prevent the release of urine |
| Spermatozoa | 200 million of them present in the male body; deposited in the vagina at each ejaculation; produced continuously in the testes |
| Sertoli Cells | AKA nurse cells; nurture and protect the sperm; in the testes |
| Spermatozoa | head; acrosome; midpiece; tail; only one sperm fertilizes an egg, work as a team; live from a few hours to three days |
| Head (of the Sperm) | AKA oval head; contains the chromosomes |
| Acrosome | covers the head; helps the sperm to penetrate the ovum |
| Midpiece | middle region; contains the substances which energize the sperm |
| Tail (of the Sperm) | propels the sperm |
| Organs of the Female Reproductive System | ovaries; uterus; vagina; fallopian tubes; ova |
| Ovaries | where the maturation fo the ova (egg) takes place |
| Uterus | where fetal development occurs |
| Vagina | birth canal |
| Fallopian Tubes | conception takes place |
| Ova | female sex cell; egg |
| Structures Within the Ovary | graafian follicle; ovulation; corpus luteum; oviducts; fimbriae; ovaries produce estrogen, progesterone, and the ova; ovaries are the female sex glands or gonads |
| Graafian Follicle | ovarian follicle; small fluid-filled cluster of cells; secretes the hormone estrogen |
| Estrogen | stimulates the growth of the uterine lining |
| Ovulation | occurs once a month from puberty until menopause; follicle ruptures to release ovum |
| Ovum | mature egg |
| Corpus Luteum | yellow body; secretes estrogen and progesterone after the ovum has been released |
| Oviducts | AKA fallopian tubes; transport ovum from the ovary to the uterus |
| Fimbriae | grasp the egg as it's expelled from the ovary and take it to the fallopian tube; sweep the egg into the fallopian tube-sperm will penetrate and pregnancy will take place |
| Uterus | pear-shaped organ; corpus; cervix; fundus; endometrium; myometrium; perimetrium; broad ligaments |
| Corpus | middle portion of the uterus; body |
| Cervix | lower portion of the uterus; the neck; leads to the vagina |
| Fundus | top entrance of the uterus; tubules |
| Endometrium | inner epithelial lining of the uterus; lining that is lost during menstruation |
| Myometrium | muscle layer of the uterus; kicks in during childbirth |
| Perimetrium | outside layer of the uterus |
| Broad Ligaments | stucture that supports the uterus and keeps it in place |
| Vagina | muscular tube that connects the uterus to the outside; birth canal; fornex; cul-de-sac; rugae; hymen |
| Fornex | circular recess found in the upper portion of the vagina |
| Cul-de-sac | small space or narrow passageway between the rectum and uterus; in the peritoneal cavity |
| Rugae | wrinkled mucal folds that give the vagina the ability to stretch during childbirth |
| Hymen | folds of mucous membrane that sometimes closes off the vaginal orifice |
| Bartholin's Gland | provides lubrication during sexual intercourse; situated on either side of the vagina; part of the female anatomy |
| Vulva | external female reproductive organs |
| Perineum | area extending from the lower border of the vaginal opening downward to the anus |
| Clitoris | female organ that is highly sensitive; located above the urethra |
| Menstrual Cycle | menarche; menopause; FSH; estrogen |
| Menarche | the onset of menses; begins at the time of puberty |
| Menopause | when menstruation ceases |
| FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) | activates the maturing process of the primary follicle |
| Estrogen | secreted from the ovaries which activates the prodiferative stage of the mestrual cycle; gets the body ready for pregnancy; builds up the uterus |
| Ovulation | occurs once a month, from puberty to menopause; follicle ruptures & expells mature ovum; LH(luetinizing hormone from pituitary gland)largely responsible for ovulation; during menstrual cycle, ovulation occurs 14 days before next mense; woman can get prego |
| Function of the Mammary Glands | to produce milk; lactation; lactiferous ducts |
| Lactation | the release of milk from the breast |
| Lactiferous Ducts | secrete milk from the lobes of the breast |
| Size of the Mammary Glands | depends only on the amount of fatty tissue present in the breast |
| Areola | pigmented area surrounding the nipple; may become darker in color during pregnancy |
Created by:
Supernurse