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Chapter 3
Cultural Patterns and Processes
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Culture | The shared experience, traits, and activities of a group of people who have a common heritage |
| Cultural Landscape | A place with many layers of history that evolves through design and use over time |
| Introverted Architecture | A type of architectural design that focuses on concealing |
| Extroverted Architecture | A type of architectural design that focuses on revealing |
| Modern Architecture | Developed during the 20th century that expresses geometric, ordered forms such as the 1950s homes of Frank Lloyd Wright or the rectangular steel and glass skyscrapers built in the 1970s and 1980s |
| Contemporary Architecture | Designed to be more organic, with the use of curvature that often incorporates green energy technologies, recycled materials, or nontraditional materials |
| Postmodern Architecture | A category within contemporary that means that the design abandons the use of blocky rectilinear shapes in favor of wavy, crystalline, or bending shapes in the form of the home or building. |
| Traditional Architecture | One form is seen in new commercial buildings incorporating the efficiency and simplicity of modern architecture while using traditional materials. The other form is seen in housing that is based upon one or more folk designs. |
| New England Architecture | Small one-story pitched-roof Cape Cod style or the irregular roof Saltbox with one long pitched roof in the front and a sort of low-angle roof in the back |
| Federalist/Georgian Housing | Fefers the the housing styles of the late 1700s and early 1800s in Anglo-America. These are often two- or three-story urban townhomes connected to one another. As stand-alone buildings, these are symmetrical homes with central doorways. |
| The I-House | A loose form of Federalist and Georgian influence on the average family home. They have a central door with one window on each side for the front and three symmetrical windows on the second floor. The giveaways are the chimneys on each end of the house. |
| Christian Architecture | Traditional houses of worship often have a central steeple or two high bell towers in front of the building. The steeple is typical of smaller ones, and bell towers are found in larger ones. Basilicas have central domes similar to the Capitol building. |
| Hindu Architecture | Temples and shrines tend to have a rectangular-shaped main body and feature one or more short towers of carved stone. The towers of ten feature stepped sides and display carvings of the heads and faces of deities. |
| Buddhist Architecture | Vary depending on which tradition is followed. In Nepal and Tibet, a temple can be a stupa with a dome. In East Asia, pagodas have several levels each with winged roofs. In Southeast Asia, they often have several towers with thin pointed spires. |
| Islamic Architecture | Often have central domes with one or more minarets, narrow towers that are pointed on top. Almost all are built on an angle that places the main prayer area toward Mecca. |
| Judaic Architecutre | Though there is not a distinct style, the most holy place is the Western Wall of the former Temple of Solomon. Known as the Wailing Wall, the old foundation walls feature large rectangular stone blocks where prayers can be said or written into the cracks. |
Created by:
matthew_greer
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