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EGB382 (Week 2)

Resource Planning

QuestionAnswer
The Planning Process • Is cyclic and continuous • Involves the establishment of a plan that is used for • Planning • Modelling and forecasting • Decision making, management and communication
Work Breakdown Structure - Tasks – a number, ID, title, and description of each task
Work Breakdown Structure - Task Owner – who is responsible for completing the task
Work Breakdown Structure - Task Dependency and Predecessors – linking two tasks together if one depends on the completion of the other
Work Breakdown Structure - Start and Finish Date of Task – estimates the time each task will take and ultimately the entire project
Work Breakdown Structure - Duration – how long will each task take on the calendar (usually number of days or hours)
Work Breakdown Structure - Work Estimate – how many hours/days of work are required to complete the task (combining all resource hours together if working in parallel)
Work Breakdown Structure - Task Status – whether each task is assigned to an owner/resource, started, in progress, late, complete, etc
Work Breakdown Structure - Gantt Chart – a visualization of the WBS with tasks represented graphically over time
Resource Types - Resource classifications include: • Labour • Plant • Materials • Subcontractors Overheads • Project and Financial Costs
Resource - Labour (1) • Job requirements competencies and responsibilities • Labor costs • Availability of skilled people • Job descriptions
Resource - Labour (2) • Roles & Responsibilities • Recruitment & Acquisition/Release constraints • Industrial constraints, and; • Plant & Accommodation requirements per person
Resource - Plant • Cost to Hire • Cost to Purchase (New, Used, Lease etc) • Buy/Hire Decisions • Ownership Costs, (Depreciation, Insurance, etc) • Maintenance Costs (Reliability, Down time, etc) • Operator Issues, and; • Fuel Costs- availability, delivery & storage
Resource - Materials • Availability • Price • Delivery • Importation • Wastage • Delay • Scheduling requirements • JIT Systems, and; • Lead time
Resource - Subcontractor • Price • Current Workload • Productivity, and; • Resource Availability
Resource Allocation Types 1) Rate Basis 2) Total Constant Basis
Rate Basis - Those resources, such as labour, for which it is normal to define the number of resources required in each time unit of the activity duration - For example: $ x per day - Typically used for labour and plant
Total Constant Basis Those resources such as materials for which it is normal to define the total amount of the resources that is required for the completion of the activity Also referred to as: • Lump Sum • Per Use Cost Typically used for materials. x$ to complete
Single Resource Activities (1) Rare but still exists. Will respond best to cost/time trade off scenarios. Most activities are multiple resource activities. For example: formwork erection
Single Resource Activities (2) Before allocation, one of the following can be considered: • Ignore all resources except the key one. • Combine all resources into one. • Accept multiple resources however be selective in considering resources
Multiple Resource Activities - Considerations for Resource Allocation • Having the least float • Requiring the largest number of resource days • Using the largest number of resources. Precedes the largest remaining resource days requirement • If a tie, allocate to the activity with the lowest duration
Resource Aggregation - Concept • Provides the number of each type of resource required during each time period in order to achieve any given schedule. • Simplest and most useful resource planning technique
Resource Aggregation - Methods • From the schedule of activities take each activity in turn and add the number of resources required per time unit into the aggregation. • Develop resource histogram
Resource Availability • Unlimited Resources -> Fixed project duration • Limited Resources -> Variable project duration
Resource Balancing In the case where we have limited resources, and the project duration varies we look at Resource Balancing, which includes: • Resource Smoothing • Resource Leveling
Resource Smoothing - Concept When activities have float, their timing can be scheduled within these floats to help smooth resource demands, therefore improving the efficiency of the operation without increasing its duration
Resource Smoothing - Method (1) • Produce a network for the project under consideration • Produce a bar chart showing activities with their ES and TF • Conduct resource aggregation to produce a resource profile
Resource Smoothing - Method (2) • Manually adjust starting/ending times of activities with floats and examine the changes in resource profile. • Select the schedule with the most evenly distributed resource profile (and also within maximum resource demand)
Resource Leveling - Definition A process of producing a schedule that reduces the variation between maximum and minimum values of resource requirement
Time Limited Activity Scheduling (1) Based on the premise that the project timescale cannot be increased
Time Limited Activity Scheduling (2) Adjustments in the timing of any activity that may affect resource requirements must be undertaken within the float available, or; Additional resources must be added to the project as required
Resource Limited Activity Scheduling (1) Based on the premise that the availability of resources cannot be increased
Resource Limited Activity Scheduling (2) Adjustments in the timing of any activity that may affect resource requirements must be undertaken within the resources available, or; Additional time (delay) must be added to the project as required
Created by: Asher - S
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