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Periodic Table Study
Atomic Structure & Periodic Table Review - Physical Science
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Group on the periodic table | Vertical column of elements (18 groups) |
| Families on the periodic table | Groups or group sets that have similar properties |
| Period on the periodic table | Horizontal row of elements (elements found in the period have the same number of electron shells or energy levels) (7 periods) |
| Characteristics of metal | Shiny, solid at room temperature, conductors of heat & electricity, reactive with acids, high melting point, silver-gray in color, malleable, ductile |
| Alkali Metals | Found in group 1 (1 valence electron) and most reactive group of metals, very reactive with water |
| Alkaline Earth Metals | Group 2 (2 valence electrons) shiny, silvery-white, reactive (less than alkali metals) |
| Transition Metals | Groups 3-12 good conductors of heat and electricity, malleable, ductile, high melting points and densities |
| Nonmetals | Dull, low melting points, most gas at room temperature, poor conductors, show little reaction with acids |
| Halogens | Group 17 (7 valence electrons) most reactive nonmetals, reactive with metals to form salts |
| Noble gasses | Helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon (group 18) |
| Non-reactive group | Noble gasses (full outer electron shells) |
| Characteristics of metalloids | Shows properties of both metals and nonmetals, semiconductors of electricity when combined with other elements |
| Metalloid elements | Boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, and tellurium |
| Periodic table | Most useful source of chemical information about the elements |
| Mendeleev | Created the first periodic table by arranging elements in order of increasing atomic mass |
| Prediction that Mendeleev made | Three new elements would be discovered and he described their properties |
| Arrangement of periodic table in order of increasing: | Atomic number |
| What can you predict from an elements location in the periodic table? | Its properties |
| Location of metals located in the periodic table | To the left of the zigzag line |
| What form of matter are metals at room temperature | Solids |
| Where are the most reactive metals found | Group 1, first column on the left |
| Which elements have two valence electrons in their atoms | Alkaline earth metals |
| Location of nometals | To the right of the zigzag line |
| At room temperature, more than half of the nonmetal elements are: | gasses |
| Which member of the carbon family is a nonmetal? | Carbon |
| Which elements share characteristics with both metals and nonmetals | Halogens |
| What is generally true of atoms with relatively large atomic radii? | Large atoms tend not to hold their electrons very tightly |
| Which subatomic particle helps identify an element's identity? | Protons |
| According to the Rutherford Model of the atom, the atom is: | Mostly empty space with a small, dense nucleus |
| Characteristics of a proton | Positive charge, mass of 1 amu, located within nucleus, determines element name |
| Mendeleev discovered that periodic patterns appeared when he arranged the elements in order of increasing: | Atomic mass |
| The modern Periodic Table is arranged according to increasing: | Atomic number |
| How does Helium differ from the other Noble gases? | Its outer shell consists of only two electrons |
Created by:
erynellis
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