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Geography, Unit 3
terms & concepts from Unit 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the "big 3" factors that determine climate: | elevation, latitude & distance from a large body of water |
| What is the positive effect(s) of the CO2 blanket? | It traps heat and keeps the earth warm. |
| What is the negative effect of the CO2 blanket? | Without the blanket, the earth would freeze. |
| What is culture? | social behavior and norms found in human societies including knowledge, beliefs, art, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits |
| What are culture adaptations? | Changing your ideas to fit the conditions around you better |
| What is culture shock? | how you feel when you go into a place where your cultural ideas do not fit the environment |
| What are the cordilleras? | a system or group of parallel mountain ranges together with the intervening plateaus and other features, especially in the Andes or the Rockies (young). |
| What are cratons? | a large stable block of the earth's crust forming the nucleus of a continent (old) |
| What is permafrost? | a thick subsurface layer of soil that remains frozen throughout the year, occurring chiefly in polar regions. |
| What is the human footprint? | a measure of how much we are using the Earth’s natural resources. The number of people in an area increases the impact. Resource: a stock or supply of money, materials, staff, and other assets that can be drawn on by a person or organization in order to |
| What are natural resources? | materials or substances such as minerals, forests, water, and fertile land that occur in nature and can be used for economic gain. |
| Where can diamonds be found? | nearly all diamond mines are found in the ancient cratons. |
| Where can metals be found? | likely to be found in or near the young rocks of cordilleras (young mountains). |
| Where can fossil fuels be found? | are found in the lowlands between mountains. |
| What are the 6 regions in North America? | Western Mountains, Northern Cold, Great Plains, Southern Plantation, Great Lakes, Caribbean/Central America |
| Features of Western Mountain Region: | snow peaked mountains, forests in lower areas, dry grassland or desert in valleys |
| Features of Northern Cold: | slow growing needle trees, tundra |
| Features of Great Plains: | flat plains, low hills, grasslands |
| Features of Southern Plantation: | fast growing trees, planted pines |
| Features of Great Lakes: | hardwood trees, low hills |
| Features of Caribbean: | tropical forests, no freezing |
| Physical environmental activities that impact people: | hurricanes, tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanoes, heavy snow |
| People's activities that impact the environment: | clear cutting, mining, driving cars, factories |
| Where do hurricanes happen? | begin where ocean waters are in warmer areas of the US |
| Where do earthquakes happen? | in mountain areas, including California |
| Where can volcanoes be found? | in mountain reasons including Washington and Hawaii |
| Where do tornadoes occur? | middle of the US where warm air and cold air meet |
| Where does heavy snow occur? | occurs in northern parts of the US, especially near the Great Lakes and Atlantic Ocean |
| What region produces the most oil? | Middle East |
| What is the atmosphere? | Gases that surround the earth. |
| What is the hydrosphere? | all waters on the earth's surface |
| What is the biosphere? | living organisms that occupy the earth |
| What is the lithosphere? | hard, solid part of the earth |
| How do people modify the atmosphere? | Co2 emissions |
| How can the hydrosphere be modified? | algae blooms |
| How do people modify the biosphere? | clear cutting |
| How can people modify the lithosphere? | terrace farming |
| Greenhouse effect step 1: | The earth gets energy from the sun |
| Greenhouse effect step 2: | Some sun energy reflects back into space |
| Greenhouse effect step 3: | The earth's surface absorbs sun energy and heats up |
| Greenhouse effect step 4: What energy does the earth's surface give off? | infrared radiation |
| Greenhouse effect step 5: What do greenhouse gases in the atmosphere do? | greenhouse gases absorb infrared heat and warm the atmosphere |
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