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SI Circulatory
Southeastern Institute A&P 12. Circulatory System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How much of the blood is plasma? | 55% |
| How much of the blood is solid elements? | 45% |
| Circulatory System Physiology | Transport gases, nutrients, waste, antibodies, hormones & heat, Protection through WBCs & removal of impurities & pathogens, Prevention of hemorrhage through clotting |
| Blood | Liquid connective tissue, Viscous, thicker and more adhesive than water, Slightly alkaline, Bright scarlet to dull maroon depending on oxygen content, 100’ F |
| Plasma | Straw colored liquid, Transports blood cells |
| Fibrogen is for | Blood clotting |
| Albumin is for | Blood thickening |
| Globulin is for | Protection from infection by being base for antibodies |
| Blood is formed in | Red bone marrow of long, flat, irregular bones |
| Erythrocytes | RBCs, Transport oxygen, Most numerous |
| Hemoglobin | Red pigment, Iron based protein, Combines with oxygen or carbon dioxide for transportation |
| Leukocytes | WBCs, Mobile army, Phagocytosis & pinocytosis |
| Thrombocytes | Platelets, Repairs by clotting |
| Mechanism of Clotting | Vascular spasm, Platelet plug, Coagulation |
| What vitamin is necessary for blood clotting? | K |
| Blood Types are determined by | Specific antigen (protein) attached to cell |
| AB | Universal recipient |
| O | Universal donor |
| Rh factor | Determines positive or negative blood type |
| Heart | Pump |
| Pericardium | Double layered sac that protects heart |
| Epicardium | Thin outer serous membrane of the heart, Adipose tissue |
| Myocardium | Thick middle muscle layer of the heart |
| Endocardium | Thin inner lining of the heart |
| Atria are located | Top chambers of the heart |
| Ventricles | Bottom chambers of the heart |
| Right atrium | Receives blood from superior & inferior Vena Cava |
| Right ventricle | Blood from right atrium, Out into pulmonary artery |
| Left atrium | Oxygen rich blood from pulmonary vein |
| Left ventricle | Blood from left atrium out to aorta |
| AV (atroventricular valve) | Separate atria and ventricle |
| Tricuspid | AV on right |
| Bicuspid | Mitral valve on left |
| Pulmonary SL | Between right ventricle & pulmonary trunk |
| Aortic SL | Between left ventricle & aorta |
| Cardiac Cycle is controlled by what part of the brain? | Medulla Oblongata |
| Deviation of Heart Rate | Arrythmia |
| Slow Heart Rate | Bradycardia, < 50 bpm |
| Rapid Heart Rate | Tachycardia, > 100 bpm |
| Arteries carry blood | Away from heart |
| Smaller blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart | arterioles |
| Capillaries | Smallest functional unit, One cell thick, site of gas exchange |
| Venules | Smallest vessels that carry blood to the heart |
| Veins | Carry blood to the heart |
| Lumen | Space in the blood vessel |
| Tunica Interna | Inner most layer of blood vessel |
| Tunica Medai | Middle layer of blood vessel, smooth muscle & thickest |
| Elastic Layer | Layer only found in arteries for expansion |
| Tunica Externa | Outer layer of blood vessel |
| Vasodilation | Enlargement of lumen diameter |
| Vasoconstriction | Shrinking of lumen diameter |
| Pulse | Expansion of arteries when the left ventricle contracts |
| Stroke Volume | Amount of blood expelled from the left ventricle into the aorta during contraction |
| Blood Pressure | Pressure exerted on artery wall when the left ventricle contracts |
| Systolic | Top number read during contraction of left ventricle |
| Diastolic | Bottom number read when left ventricle is at rest |
| Normal Blood Pressure | 120/80 |
| High Blood Pressure | 160/95 |
| Hyperemia | When blood flow is increased |
| Pulmonary Circuit | Deoxygenated blood from R. ventricle to lungs |
| Systemic Circuit | Blood leaving L ventricle and going to body |
| Hepatic Portal System | Renal circulation, Veinous system that collects blood from digestive organs, Brings blood to liver for digestion & storage |
| Coronary | Movement of blood through heart tissues |
Created by:
cmcracken
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