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Airway

Airway Anatomy / Physiology

QuestionAnswerExplanation
What happens to your diaphragm during inhalation? Contracts This is an active process, the diaphragm contracts in a downward motion drawing air into the lungs.
What ring-shaped structure forms the lower portion of the larynx? Cricoid Cartillage The inferior portion of the larynx is a cartilaginous ring. It is located directly inferior of the Thyroid cartilage.
What is the name of the cartilaginous ridge in the trachea at which the right and left lungs split? Carina The trachea splits into 2 main stems, the left and the right, at the Carina. Each leads to a lung. It is located beneath the sternum
What is the name of the hollow, semi flexible tube that carries inhaled air from the larynx to the lungs? Trachea The trachea is a tube-like structure that allows air to pass from the upper airway into the lungs.
The use of accessory muscles and nasal flaring are signs of what? Labored breathing The use of accessory muscles is a sign of respiratory distress or failure. Nasal flaring is the body's effort to increase the size of the airway.
What is the term for abnormal breath sounds that result from an obstructed airway? Stridor It is an upper airway obstruction caused by tissue swelling around trachea, larynx, and epiglottis.
How should you insert a nasopharyngeal airway? Face the bevel towards the septum. First step is to face the bevel towards the septum, then apply a water-soluble lubricant..
What is the tidal volume for the average adult? 500 ml It is the amount of air that is moved in and out of the lungs during one breath.
What is the hypoxic drive? A backup system to control respiration. It senses the drop of oxygen levels in the blood.
What 4 things could wheezing indicate in the lungs Asthma/COPD/Emphysema/Chronic Bronchitis You will hear a high pitched, whistling sound prominent on expiration.
What will you hear if there is fluid in the alveoli? Crackles
What does the upper airway consist of? Pharynx, Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Larynx
What does the lower airway consist of? Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs
When should you use a Nonrebreather mask? When the patient is hypoxic, but otherwise breathing adequately. Rate of 15 L/min and capable of providing up 90% inspired oxygen.
When should you use a Nasal Cannula? When a patient has mild hypoxemia. Can provide 24% to 44% inspired oxygen.1-6 lpm (2-4 lpm most common)
When should you use a Bag-Valve Mask? For patients who need either assistance in ventilating or are not able to ventilate on their own Minimum of 15 L/min.
What happens when a patient aspirates. When vomit/liquid/food or other foreign materials enter the lungs This is stopped by the Epiglottis. The epiglottis folds over the glottis to prevent aspiration,
What is the amount of air that normally reaches the alveoli in an adult? 350 ml In the area of dead space that traps 150 mL of air. 350 mL effectively reaches the alveoli for oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.
What is Hyperventilation? Over breathing to the point that the level of arterial carbon dioxide falls below normal. The body may be trying to compensate for acidosis. If too much carbon dioxide is blown off, alkalosis can occur.
When does Tension Pneumothorax occur? when air accumulates between the chest wall and the lung and increases pressure in the chest, reducing the amount of blood returned to the heart. Symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath, rapid breathing, and a racing heart, followed by shock.
Which part of the upper airway is a passageway shared by the digestive system and respiratory systems for air and food. Pharynx It is Muscular tube extending from nose and mouth to level of esophagus and trachea.
Which part of the upper airway Filters out dust and small particles and warms and humidifies air as it enters the body. Nasopharynx directly posterior to the nose
Created by: KarimaSade
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