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Patho225 Quiz 1
Ch: 2, 4-8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A nurse is reviewing lab reports. The nurse recalls blood plasma is located in which of the following fluid compartments? | Intravascular fluid |
| Which finding would support the diagnosis of respiratory acidosis? | Pneumonia |
| A 60-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking is diagnosed with a hormone secreting lung tumor. Further testing indicates that the tumor secretes ADH. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse expect? | - Confusion - Weakness - Nausea - Muscle twitching |
| Water movement between the ICF and ECF compartments is determined by: | Osmotic forces |
| A 42-year-old female presents to her primary care provider reporting muscle weakness and cardiac abnormalities. Laboratory tests indicate that she is hypokalemic. Which of the following could be the cause of her condition? | Laxative abuse |
| Which patient is most prone to metabolic alkalosis? A patient with: | Excessive loss of chloride |
| Which of the following patients should the nurse assess for decreased oncotic pressure in the capillaries? A patient with: | Liver failure |
| When a nurse cares for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the nurse remembers this disease is an example of: | Autoimmunity |
| The nurse would correctly respond that the etiology of a congenital immune deficiency is due to a: | Genetic defect |
| A person is given an attenuated antigen as a vaccine. When the person asks what was given in the vaccine, how should the nurse respond? The antigen is: | Alive, but less infectious |
| Which of the following is a characteristic of the HIV virus, which causes AIDS? | HIV is a retrovirus |
| When a patient presents at the emergency department for an allergic reaction, the nurse recognizes the most severe consequence of a type I hypersensitivity reaction is: | Anaphylaxis |
| When a patient asks the nurse what hypersensitivity is, how should the nurse respond? Hypersensitivity is best defined as: | An excessive or innapropriate response of the immune system to a sensitizing antigen |
| A 15-year-old male suffers from severe hemorrhage . He is given a blood transfusion, but shortly afterward the RBCs are destroyed by agglutination and lysis. Which of the following blood type transfusion type matches would cause this? | A-AB |
| A nurse recalls that an example of an immune-complex-mediated disease is: | Serum sickness |
| When the nurse is teaching the staff about X-linked recessive disorders, which information should the nurse include? | - The trait is never transmitted from father to son - The gene can be transmitted through a series of carrrier females - The gene is passed from an affected father to all his daughters |
| A 13-year-old girl has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologus X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present. What medical diagnosis will the nurse observe on the chart? | Turner syndrome |
| An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide? | Expressivity |
| What genetic disorder is the result if an individual possesses an XXY chromosom configuration? | Klinefelter |
| A DNA strand has a region with the sequence ATCGGAT. Which of the following would be a complementary strand? | TAGCCTAG |
| Which of the following disorders is manifested primarily in males? | Muscular dystrophy |
| When discussing DNA replication, which enzyme is most important? | DNA polymerase |
| The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in: | Reduced protein synthesis |
| During childhood, the thymus decreases in size, and this is referred to as what type of atrophy? | Physiologic |
| Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a direct result of: | Decreased ATP production |
| A 35-year-old female is diagnosed with multiple myeloma. Biopsy of the tumor reveals Russell bodies, and laboratory testing reveals kidney dysfunction. Which substance should the nurse monitor as it is accumulating in the patient's body? | Protein |
| A 52-year-old male suffered a myocardial infarction secondary to atherosclerosis and ischemia. Once blood flow is returned to the damaged heart, reperfusion injury occurs as a result of: | Oxidation stress |
| A newborn male is diagnosed with albinism based on skin, eye, and hair apperance. Which finding will support this diagnosis? | Inability to convert tyrosine to DOPA (3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) |
| A 40-year-old female's Pap smear indicates abnormal changes in the shape and organization of cervical cells. Which term would be used to identify this type of change? | Dysplasia |
| A 15-year-old female presents to the ER following a physical assault. X-ray reveals fractures of the hyoid bone and tracheal and cricoid cartilage. Which of the following most likely caused her injuries? | Manual strangulation |
Created by:
Ceci32
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