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Bio vocab

QuestionAnswer
Somatic cell Cell that makes up all of the body tissues, and organs, expect gametes.
Gamete A haploid reproductive cell that unites with another haploid reproductive cell to form a zygote.
Homologous chromosome Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, that have the same structure, and that pair during meiosis.
Autosome Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosomes.
Sex chromosomes One of the pair of chromosomes that determines the sex of an individual.
Sexual reproduction Reproduction in which gametes from two parents unite.
Fertilization The union of a male and female gamete to form a zygote.
Diploid A cell that contains two haploid sets of chromosomes.
Haploid Describes a cell nucleus, or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes.
Meiosis A process in cell division during which the number of the chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in production of sex cells (gametes or sporesz)
Gametogenesis Process by which gametes are produced through the combination of meiosis and other maturational changes.
Sperm The male gametes (sex cell).
Egg A sex cell produced by females.
Polar body Haploid cell produced during meiosis in the female of many species; these cells have little more than DNA and eventually disintegrate.
Trait A genetically determined characteristic.
Genetics The science of heredity and of the mechanisms by which traits are passed from parents to off spring.
Purebred Type of organism whose ancestors are genetically uniform.
Cross Mating of organisms.
Law of segregation Mendel's first law stating that one organisms inherits two copies of genes, one from each parent, and two organisms donate only one copy of each gene in their gametes because genes separate during gamers formation.
Created by: savyisdabest
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