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Lit Terms
Literary Analysis Terms
Term | Definition |
---|---|
denotation | the dictionary definition of a word |
connotation | the feelings/emotions or ideas a word evokes |
pathetic fallacy | giving human emotions/feelings and behaviors to weather/nature |
juxtaposition | intentional side-by-side placement of two or more ideas for the purposes of developing comparisons and contrasts |
syntax | sentence structure (ordering of words, fluency) |
parallel structure (parallelism) | repeated phrasing or grammatical structures |
narrative shift | sudden change in point of view, focus, or setting in a story |
anaphora | repeated phrasing or grammatical structure in the BEGINNING of a sentence |
litotes | understatement, often with "no" or "not" placed before a word to emphasize the opposite |
allusion | reference to an outside-the-text person, place, thing, or idea |
motif | repeated images/ideas in a text that relates to and develops the theme |
aphorism | short statement that gives wisdom/advice |
foil characters | characters that contrast each other in order to emphasize/highlight certain traits |
tragic hero | a character whose flaw brings about their death/destruction causing them to fall |
tragic flaw (hamartia) | the flaw that leads to a character's downfall (death/destruction) |
catharsis | the audience's release of fear and pity at the end of a tragedy |
symbol | an object/image, which represents or stands for something else (has both literal meaning within the text and an additional meaning) |
hubris | having excessive pride or self-confidence as one's tragic flaw |
allegory | a text in which multiple symbols create a philosophical, social, historical, etc. commentary |
simile | comparison between two things using "like" or "as." |
theme | the essential idea, lesson, or philosophy that the writer wants the reader to understand (abstract nouns) |
tone | the writer's or speaker's attitude toward the subject, the audience, or themselves; the emotional meaning |
protagonist | the main character in a work of fiction; not always the hero |
characterization | the ways in which characters are presented directly and indirectly (speech, thoughts, effects on others, actions, looks/appearance) |
diction | the distinctive vocabulary (words) of a particular author; word choice |
foreshadowing | where a writer gives a hint of what is to come later in the text |
imagery | a detailed representation through language of sensory experience either sight, sound, smell, taste, touch, or movement. |
metaphor | a comparison is made between two seemingly unrelated subjects WITHOUT using like or as |
verbal irony | a figure of speech in which what is said is the opposite of what is meant |
situational irony | an outcome that turns out to be very different from what was expected |
dramatic irony | when audience (or readers) know something that the characters do not |
epigraph | short quotation at the beginning of a text used to suggest a theme |
synecdoche | using a part of an object to represent the whole |