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Sem B Unit 7
Physical Science 9
Term | Definition |
---|---|
alternating current (AC) | electrical current or charges that flow in alternating directions back and forth |
amperage | measure of the size of an electric current |
analyzing | looking at data to try to find patterns |
atom | basic unit of matter and the defining structure of all elements |
battery | a common DC power source |
circuit | a closed path for transmitting electricity |
circuit diagram | symbolic representation of an electrical circuit and everything connected to it. |
conductor | a material that allows electric current to flow through it easily |
constants | variable in the experiment that does not change |
coulomb | a unit used to measure electric charge which is represented by the SI unit C |
Coulomb’s Law | law that states that the force related to two charges is proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the charges. |
current electricity | an electrical charge traveling through a conductor |
dependent variable | variable affected by the change |
direct current (DC) | electrical current which flows consistently in one direction |
drawing conclusions | deciding what the patterns in data says about a relationship between the data |
electric charge | property of an object or particle that causes it to experience a force when it is in an electric or magnetic field |
electric circuit | path or line through which electricity flows |
electric current | movement of electrons through a wire |
electric field | an area around a charged object that exerts a force without direct contact |
electric force | force between two electrically charged objects that are close to each other |
electrical circuit | a path or line through which electrical energy flows. |
electrical energy | energy of moving electrons |
electricity | form of electrical energy that flows through wires to power electrical devices |
electromagnet | device consisting of an iron or steel core inside a wire coil; when electric current runs through the wire, the core becomes magnetized |
electron | negatively charged subatomic particle surrounding the atom’s nucleus |
energy | the ability to do work |
evaluate | to determine the significance, worth, or condition of usually by careful appraisal and study |
experimental design | all the parts of the experimental setup |
Faraday’s Law of electromagnetic induction | movement of magnets around a coil of wire to create an electric charge though a wire |
fuse | an electrical safety device used to protect a circuit from surges in electricity |
hypothesis | specific, testable prediction] or a specific, testable prediction |
incandescent light bulb | converts electrical energy to light and heat |
independent variable | variable that is changed |
insulator | a material that resists the flow of electric current through |
interpreting | explaining the meaning of data |
inverse proportionality | relationship between two objects where one object’s value decreases as the other object’s value increases |
iron filings | small particles of iron |
joule | unit of energy used to measure energy and work which is represented by the SI unit J |
kinetic energy | energy of motion |
Kirchhoff’s law | states that the sum of currents into a circuit junction equals the sum of currents out of that junction |
Law of Conservation of Energy | law that states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but only changed from one form into another |
load | device in an electric circuit that converts electrical energy into other forms of energy |
maglev | transportation system in which vehicles are lifted and propelled by magnetic force |
magnet | an object that can attract other objects because of magnetism |
magnetic field | an area around a magnetic object that exerts a force without direct contact |
magnetic flux | number of magnetic field lines passing through a surface |
magnetic force | attractive or repellent force produced by the movement of charged objects |
magnetism | the force that magnetic objects exert when they attract or repel each other |
Ohm’s law | states that voltage = current • resistance |
parallel circuit | a circuit in which there multiple paths from the negative terminal of a battery to the positive terminal |
potential energy | energy stored by an object because of its position relative to another object |
proportionality | relationship between two objects where they increase or decrease at the same rate |
resistance | force that moves in opposition to the flow of electricity |
resistor | opposes the flow of electric current in a circuit |
series circuit | a circuit in which there is only one path from the negative terminal of a battery to the positive terminal |
static electricity | a stationary electrical charge |
switch | device used to easily start and stop the flow of electrical current |
testable question | type of question that you can only find the answer by conducting an experiment |
volt | a unit used to measure voltage which is represented by the SI unit V |
voltage | measure of the strength of an electric current |
work | force acting upon an object, causing a displacement |