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Course Introduction
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the subdivisions of anatomy | Cytology, Histology, Gross, Surface, Developmental, Comparative, Radiology, Anatomical Pathology |
| Origin and meaning of Anatomy | Greek Ana = apart Tomy = cut |
| Origin and meaning of Dissect | Latin Dis = apart Sectare = cut |
| Origin and meaning of Cytology | Greek Kytos = cell Logos = knowledge of |
| Origin and meaning of Histology | Greek Histo = tissue Logos = knowledge of |
| Gross Anatomy | study of structures visible with the naked eye |
| Surface Anatomy | study of the surface structures |
| Developmental Anatomy (Embryology) | development of body prior to birth |
| Comparative Anatomy | comparing human structure to that of other animals |
| Radiology | use of radiation to visualize internal body structure |
| Anatomical Pathology | study of tissue that departs from the normal and thus is diseased |
| Regional Divisions of the Body | Head, Neck, Thorax, Abdomen, Pelvis, Back (posterior aspect of thorax, abdomen, and pelvis), Trunk (thorax, abdomen, pelvis, and back), Upper Limb, Lower Limb |
| Structure and Function of Cardiovascular or Circulatory | S: heart and blood vessels F: transports nutrients and oxygen to cells, removes waste molecules that are excreted from the body |
| Structure and Function of Lymphatic | S: lymphatic vessels, nodes, supporting lymphocytes, and lymphoid organs F: protect body from disease by purifying fluid, involves wbc that produce antibodies |
| Structure and Function of Respiratory | S: lungs, pharynx, larynx, and trachea F: conducts air, brings o2 into lung, co2 out |
| Structure and Function of Digestive | S: mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas F: receives food and digests it into nutrient molecules, which enter the cells |
| Structure and Function of Urinary | S: kidneys, ureter, bladder, and urethra F: rids the body of nitrogenous wastes and helps regulate the fluid level and chemical content of the blood |
| Structure and Function of Integumentary | S: skin, nails, hair, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, subcutaneous tissue F: provides support and protects underlying tissues, helps regulate body temperature, contain receptors |
| Structure and Function of Skeletal | S: bone, cartilage F: framework, movement of the body |
| Structure and Function of Muscular | S: muscles F: movement of body |
| Structure and Function of Articular | S: joints F: movement of body |
| Structure and Function of Nervous | S: brain, spinal cord, nerves F: conducts nerve impulses to muscles and glands and receive impulses |
| Structure and Function of Endocrine | S: hormones, endocrine glands F: secretes chemicals that serve as messengers between body parts, maintains proper functioning of reproductive organs |
| Structure and Function of Reproductive | S: reproductive organs F: reproduction |
| Anatomical Position | body longitudinal, upper limbs by side, eyes directed forward, palms directed forward, toes directed forward |
| Median Plane (Midsagittal) | equal right and left |
| Sagittal Plane | parallels median plane, unequal left and right |
| Frontal Plane (Coronal) | divides into front and back parts |
| Horizontal Plane (Transverse, Axial) | divides into upper and lower parts |
| Medial | nearer the median plane |
| Lateral | farther away from the median plane |
| Anterior (ventral) | nearer the front |
| Posterior (dorsal) | nearer the back |
| Superior (cephalic) | nearer the upper end |
| Proximal | nearer the attached end of a limb |
| Distal | farther away the attached end of a limb |
| Internal | nearer the center of an organ or cavity |
| External | farther away from the center of an organ or cavity |
| Inferior (caudal) | nearer the lower end |
| Superficial | nearer the surface of the body |
| Deep | farther away from the surface of the body |
| Supine Position | lying on back, belly up |
| Prone Position | lying on front, back up |
Created by:
reland
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