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ES Unit 5 Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Troposphere 0-10 km, 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.9% argon, 0.1% trace elements, Weather occurs, hot air balloons fly, 75% of atmospheric mass, Water cycle creates greenhouse gases
Stratosphere 10-50 km, Nitrogen, oxygen, Ozone (O3) layer absorbs UV rays, Ozone getting thinner due to air pollution, Airplanes fly here
Mesosphere 50-85 km, Nitrogen, oxygen, Meso means middle, Asteroids burn up here, Coldest layer (drops to -90°C)
Thermosphere 85-500 km, Nitrogen, oxygen, helium, Aurora borealis/australis occurs here, Warmest layer (up to 2000°C), keeps Earth’s surface temp constant, Ionosphere ionizes atoms, transmits radio waves
Exosphere 500-10000 km, Air incredibly thin (atoms can travel 1 km without bumping into one another!), Hydrogen and helium, Protects us from solar flares, Satellites orbit Earth here
Greenhouse Effect Trapping of the sun’s warmth by the atmosphere, It keeps us alive! Otherwise Earth would be covered in ice and -18°C, Greenhouse gases are mostly natural, BUT, humans do contribute to it with air pollution and other emissions!
Acid rain/deposition “precipitation with acidic components, such as sulfuric or nitric acid.”
Aragonite calcium carbonate mineral that shellfish use to build their shells. Less aragonite → more susceptible to ocean acidification.
5 types of pollution Air, Light, Noise, Soil, Water
Eutrophication Excess nutrients in the water, usually due to agricultural runoff, that causes algal blooms and dead zones.
Carbon dioxide caused by Manufacturing
Fluorinated gas caused by Refrigerants
Methane caused by Rangelands
Nitrous Oxide caused by Croplands
Created by: sraburley
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