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Endocrine-PN102
Endocrine system, hormones, Dx testing
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What gland produces Growth Hormone? (GH) | Pituitary-anterior |
| What three hormones are produced by the thyroid? | T3, T4, calcitonin |
| What is the function of calcitonin in the body? | Decreases excess Ca levels in the blood |
| What are two other names for T3 and T4? | T3- triodothyronine T4- thyroxine |
| What is the function of T3 and T4 in the body? | Increases metabolic rate |
| How does the hypothalamus control anterior pituitary function? | It regulates temperature, fluid volume and thirst stimuli |
| What are the non-reproductive hormones produced by the anterior pituitary? | Growth Hormone (GH), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), Melanocyte-stimulating hormone |
| What two hormones are produced by the posterior pituitary? | Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)Oxytocin |
| What is the function of TSH? | Stimulates thyroid function |
| What is the function of ACTH? | Stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids |
| What is the function of GH? | Promotes growth |
| What is the function of ADH? | Promotes water retention by the kidneys |
| What hormone is produced by the parathyroid gland? | Parathyroid hormone (TH) |
| What is the function of PTH? | Lowers serum calcium |
| What are the two hormones produced by the adrenal cortex? | cortisolaldosterone |
| What type of hormone is cortisol? | glucocorticoid |
| What type of hormone is aldosterone? | mineralocorticoid |
| What is the function of cortisol? | Stimulates glucogenesis,increases blood glucose,it is part of the anti-inflammatory response |
| What is the function of aldosterone? | Regulates blood volume and electrolytes |
| What two hormones are produced by the adrenal medulla? | Epinephrine, norepinephrine |
| What is another name for epinephrine? | adrenaline |
| What is another name for norepinephrine? | noradrenaline |
| What types of hormones are epinephrine and norepinephrine? | catecholamines |
| What does epinephrine and norepinephrine do in the body? | Increase heart rate and the force of heart contractions, constrict blood vessels |
| What two hormones are produced by the pancreas? | Insulin and glucagon |
| Where are the hormones of the pancreas produced? | Islets of Langerhans (also know as the pancreatic islets)Beta cells produce insulin, alpha cells produce glucagon |
| When is insulin released into the blood stream? | When glucose levels are high |
| What is the function of insulin? | Eases active transport of glucose into muscle and fat cells. |
| What effect does insulin have on fat cells? | Facilitates fat formation, inhibits the breakdown of stored fat. |
| What effect does insulin have on amino acids? | Moves amino acids into cells for protein synthesis |
| Where is unused glucose stored aside from fat cells? | It is stored as glycogen in the liver and in muscle cells. |
| What is insulin's onset, peak and duration in a normal person | onset- minutespeak-30-60 minutesduration 2-3 hrs to return to baseline |
| What is the function of glucagon? | To keep blood sugar from decreasing below a certain level in fasting or between meals. |
| When is glucogon relased? | When blood sugars fall to about 70 mg/dl |
| What is glycogenolysis and how is glucagon involved in the process? | It is the process of producing glucose from stored glycogen. Glucagon stimulates this process when blood sugars are low. |
| What is the range for normal blood sugars? | 70 to 110 mg/dl |
| What is exphthalmos? | Forward protrusion of the eyeballs. |
Created by:
3perfectcats
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