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Medieval Medicine
GCSE Medieval Medicine (AQA History: Health And The People) Flashcards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The Catholic Church encouraged people to believe that disease was what? | A punishment from God, rather than having a natural cause |
| What did this cause? | This prevented people from trying to find cures for diseases since it was from God and THEREFORE all you could do was pray and repent |
| The Church made sure that scholars of medicine learned from who and why? | Galen BECAUSE his ideas fit the Christian belief that God created humans perfect. |
| The Church outlawed what and what impact did this have? | Dissection THIS MEANT that medieval doctors couldn't discover ideas about human anatomy for themselves - they instead had to learn Galen's incorrect ideas |
| Astrology | Is the idea that the movements of the planets and stars have an effect on the Earth and people |
| Astrology was developed in what medicine and when was it brought to Europe? | Astrology was developed in Arabic medicine and was brought to Europe between 1100 - 1300 |
| Medieval doctors owned what type of calendar and why? | Medieval doctors owned an Almanac BECAUSE it included information about where particular planets and stars were at any given time. The doctors then used this information to predict how patient's health could be affected |
| What were star signs thought to do? | Affect different parts of the body |
| The four humours | Was created by Hippocrates, he believed that the body was made up of four fluids (blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile). They needed to be in balance for good health |
| Miasma Theory | The idea that bad air causes disease when someone breathes it in |
| Flagellants | People who whipped themselves in public in order to show God that they were sorry for their past actions |
| Apothecaries | People who prepared and sold remedies and gave advice on how best to use them |
| Wise-Women | Sold herbal remedies |
| The main purpose of medieval hospitals | Was not to treat disease, but to care for the sick and the elderly |
| Why was medieval surgery dangerous? | There was no way to prevent blood loss, infection or pain |
| Hugh of Lucca and Theodoric | They worked as surgeons in Italy in the early 13th century. They recognised the importance of practical experience and observation |
| How did Hugh of Lucca and Theodoric clean and prevent infection? | By dressing wounds with bandages soaked in wine. This discovery was made by chance |
| What else did they discover? | That pus was not a healthy sign unlike other doctors at the time |
| John of Ardene | Created a recipe for an anaesthetic in 1376 which included hemlock, opium and henbane. However it was very likely to kill |
| In the 13th century a water channel was created, what was it called? | The Great Conduit |
| What happened in 1388? | The Government ordered town authorities to keep the streets free of waste. |
| The Black Death | A series of plagues that swept Europe in the 14th century |
| Bubonic Plague | Spread by the bites of fleas from rats carried on ships. This caused headaches and a high temperature, followed by pus-filled swellings on the skin |
| Pneumonic Plague | Airbone - spread by coughs and sneezes. It attacked the lungs, making it painful to breathe and causing victims to cough up blood |
| The Black Death first arrived in Britain in what year? | 1348 |
| People at the time thought the Black Death was caused by what? | Sin Humour Imbalances Miasma |
| How did Winchester attempt to prevent the spread of the disease? | They insisted that new cemeteries be built outside of the town, away from houses |
| How did Gloucester attempt to prevent the spread of the disease? | They shut itself off from the outside world after hearing the Black Death had reached Bristol |
| When did the disease reach London? | November 1348 |
| What happened on January 1349? | King Edward III closed parliament |
| What Law did the Government introduce to try and stop peasents from moving around the country? | 1349 Ordinance of Labourers |
| What revolt do some people think the Black Death helped cause? | The Peasants' Revolt (1381) AND, eventually, the collapse of the feudal system in Britain |
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Jascelectronic
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