click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
med term chapter 11
Term | Definition |
---|---|
thromb- | lump |
ab- | away from |
-plegia | paralysis |
ante- | before |
thel- | nipple |
ex- | out |
lien- | spleen |
tumor | swelling |
vestibule | entrance |
puer- | child |
sarc- | flesh |
proli- | offspring |
macro- | large |
lal- | speech |
intra- | within |
inter- | between |
infra- | beneath |
cryo- | cold |
mal- | bad |
glom- | ball |
tens- | stretch |
spas- | pull |
somni- | sleep |
pharmac- | drug |
lumbo- | loins |
acr/o | extremities |
anter/o | front |
cortic/o | cortex |
crin/o | secrete |
gigant/i | abnormally large |
gonad/o | sex glands |
gynec/o | woman |
kal/i | Potassium |
ket/o | ketones |
myx/o | mucus |
natr/o | Sodium |
-assay | to test |
-edema | swelling; fluid retention |
-stasis | stoppage of flow |
-tropin | hormone |
polydipsia | excessive thirst |
polyuria | excessive urination |
polyphagia | excessive hunger |
ACTH | adrenocorticotropic hormone |
ADH | antidiuretic hormone |
CDE | certified diabetes educator |
CRH | corticotropin releasing hormone |
DI | diabetes insipidus |
DM | diabetes mellitus |
FBS | fasting blood sugar |
FSH | follicle-stimulating hormone |
GH | growth hormone |
GHIH | growth hormone inhibiting hormone |
GTT | glucose tolerance test |
HCG | human chorionic gonadotropin |
IDDM | insulin dependent diabetes mellitus |
LATS | long-acting thyroid stimulator |
LH | luteinizing hormone |
mg/dl | milligrams per deciliter |
MSH | melanocyte-stimulating hormone |
NIDDM | non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus |
PBI | protein bound iodine |
PTH | parathyroid hormone |
RIA | radioimmunoassay |
SIADH | syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone |
T3 | triiodothyronine |
T3RU | triiodothyronine resin uptake |
T4 | thyroxine |
TBG | thyroxine-binding globulin |
TSH | thyroid stimulating hormone |
Tx | treatment |
a.c | before meals |
h.s | at bedtime |
CFT | certified fitness trainer |
GnRH | gonadotropin releasing hormone |
acidosis | excessive acidity of body fluids |
acromegaly | abnormal enlargement of the extremities and face that is caused by excessive secretion of growth hormone after puberty |
Addison's disease | a condition that occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol or aldosterone; characterized by anemia |
adenocarcinoma | a malignant tumor that originates in glandular tissue or mucus secreting organ |
adrenal feminization | pathological development of female secondary sex characteristics in a male |
adrenal virilism | development of male secondary sex characteristics in a female |
cretinism | congenital hypothyroidism resulting in developmental disabilities |
Cushing's syndrome | A condition resulting from the hypersecretion of cortisol; may be caused by a tumor or prolonged use of steroids. characterized by weekness; thin |
diabetes insipidus (DI) | rare type of diabetes caused by inadequate secretion of ADH by the posterior pituitary gland; characterized by excessive thirst |
diabetes mellitus (DM) | insufficient production of insulin or the body's inability to use insulin efficiently; characterized by hyperglycemia |
type 1 diabetes mellitus | insulin secretion is deficient due to abnormalities in the islets of Langerhans |
type 2 diabetes mellitus | insulin production may be normal |
diabetic ketoacidosis | A complication of diabetes in which the body produces acidic ketone bodies (waste products) as a result of high blood glucose levels; immediate medical attention is required to reverse this state. |
diabetic retionpathy | disease of the retina caused by diabetes mellitus |
dwarfism | Condition caused by insufficient growth hormone in childhood |
edema | the localized or generalized collection of fluid within the body tissues |
exopthalmos | abnormal protrusion of the eyeball |
gigantism | excessive growth of body due to hypersecretion of growth hormone in a child or teenager |
graves disease | an autoimmune disorder that is caused by hyperthyroidism and is characterized by goiter and/or exophthalmos |
gynecomastia | development of breast tissue in males |
hirsutism | excessive hair growth |
hyperparathyroidism | excessive production of PTH that results in the degeneration of bones |
insulinoma | a tumor of the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans; although usually benign |
myxedema | severe form of hypothyroidism that develops in the older child or adult; characterized by puffy skin and swelling of the laryngeal and pharyngeal mucous membranes |
obesity | excessive fatness |
panhypopituitarism | Condition of inadequate secretion |
peripheral neuropathy | Damage to the nerves that causes pain and weakness |
phe/o | dark |
Pheochromocytoma | Tumor of the adrenal glands that secretes excess epinephrine and norepinephrine |
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) | excessive secretion of ADH |
tetany | Nervous excitability and muscle spasms caused by PTH deficiency and inadequate calcium levels. |
thyrotoxicosis | general term for a group of conditions caused by increases in T3 and T4 in the blood |
blood serum tests | a group of tests in which blood is measured for specific levels of hormones and other substances to determine how well specific endocrine glands and organs are functioning |
catecholamine tests | measured over 24 hour urine sample |
fasting blood sugar (FBS) | blood test to measure amount of sugar in bloodstream after a 12-hour fast |
glucose tolerance test (GTT) | glucose administered the blood drawn |
human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) - qualitative | hormone human chorionic gonadotropin present in blood or urine = pregnant |
human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) - quantitative | measures HCG in blood to diagnose aid for abnormal conditions and age of the fetus |
protein-bound iodine test (PBI) | measures thyroid activity indirectly by determining the amount of protein-bound iodine in the blood |
radioimmunoassay (RIA) | radioactive chemicals injected into blood to measure very small concentrations of substances in blood plasma |
thyroid/parathyroid ultrasound | Ultrasound test of the thyroid and/or parathyroid glands; used to check the sizes of these glands or to determine whether a lump is a simple cyst or a solid tumor. |
thyroid function test (TFT) | Panel of tests used to determine how well the thyroid is functioning. |
long-acting thyroid stimulator (LATS) test | A thyroid function test used to detect long-acting thyroid stimulator (LATS) in the blood. LATS can lead to hyperthyroidism. |
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) test | A thyroid function test that measures the amount of TSH in the blood; considered to be the most accurate measure of thyroid activity. |
thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) test | measures levels of thyroxine-binding globulin in the blood; binds to T3 and T4 in the blood |
thyroxine (T4) test | A thyroid function test that measures the amounts of T4 in the blood. |
Triiodothyronine (T3) test | a thyroid function test that measures the amounts of T3 in the blood |
triiodothyronine resine uptake (T3RU) test | measures amounts of T4 in the blood by testing levels of T3RU |
thyroid scan | scanner detects radioactivity and visualizes the thyroid gland |
laparoscopic adrenalectomy | Surgical removal of the adrenal gland through a small incision in the abdomen using a scope |
lobectomy | surgical removal of a lobe of an organ |
parathyroidectomy | the surgical removal of one or more of the parathyroid glands |
thyroidectomy | surgical removal of the thyroid gland |
antihyroid agents | blocks production of thyroid hormones; treat hyperthyroidism that is caused by Grave's disease |
hormone replacement therapy (HRT) | synthetic hormone used to correct a deficiency of estrogen |
human growth hormone therapy | Hormone replacement therapy with human growth hormone in order to stimulate skeletal growth. Used to treat children with abnormally short stature. |
insulin replacement therapy | Natural or synthetic insulin administered to supply needed insulin for patients with type 1 diabetes or severe type 2 diabetes. |
oral hypoglycemic agents | Drugs taken orally to decrease blood glucose. |
synthetic antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) | Synthetic ADH (vasopressin) administered to treat syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). |
synthetic glucocorticoids | Synthetic versions of glucocorticoid hormones are sometimes used to treat patients with Addison's disease. If used for a long period of time |
thyroid replacement therapy | Thyroid hormones administered to treat hypothyroidism; also prescribed for patients who have had a thyroidectomy. |