Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Lecture Exam #3
Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the specific parts of the axial skeleton? | skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage |
| What are the specific parts of the appendicular skeleton? | pectoral girdle, upper limbs, pelvic girdle, lower limbs |
| What are the primary curvatures of the vertebral column? | thoracic and sacral |
| What are the secondary curvatures of the vertebral column? | cervical and lumbar |
| What are the specific bones of the hip? | ilium, ischium, pubis |
| What composes the zygomatic arch? | temporal and zygomatic processes |
| What are C1 and C2 called and what do they do? | Atlas and axis, the atlas rotates around the den of the axis to allow head rotation |
| Where are the carpals/tarsals located? | carpals - wrist, tarsals - ankle |
| what are the parts of the sternum proximal to distal? | manubrium, body, xiphoid process |
| what are the differences between the male/female pelvis? | female pelvis - iliac bones are flared, hips are broader, angle of pubic arch and distance between ischial spines/tuberosities are greater, and sacral curvature is flatter/shorter |
| name of suture in between frontal/parietal bones? | coronal suture |
| name of suture in between parietal bones? | sagittal suture |
| name of suture in between parietal/occipital bones? | lambdoid suture |
| name of suture in between parietal/temporal bones? | squamos suture |
| name of the 3 types of joints and what tissue? | fibrous-dense connective, cartilaginous-cartliage, synovial |
| fibrous joints are what tissue and found where? | dense Connective tissue, found in bones of close contact |
| What fibrous joint is where bones are bound by a sheet/bundle of DC tissue? | Syndesmosis joint |
| What is a SHEET of DC tissue called? | interosseous membrane |
| What is a BUNDLE of DC tissue called? | interosseous ligament |
| What functional classification and a location of syndesmosis joint? | amphiarthrotic, ex. between tibia and fibula |
| What 2 joints are amphiarthrotic joints? | syndesmosis and symphasis |
| what fibrous joint is where there is a cone shaped boney process in a socket? | Gomphosis joint |
| What functional classification and a location of gomphosis joint? | synarthrotic, ex. root of tooth held by periodontal ligament |
| What functional classification and a location of suture joint? | synarthrotic, ex. bones of skull |
| What fibrous joint is where there is a thin layer of connective tissue? | suture joint |
| what are the 3 fibrous joint names? | syndesmosis, suture, gomphosis |
| cartilaginous joints are what tissue? | connected by fibrocartilage or hyaline cartliage, |
| what are the 2 cartilaginous joints named? | synchondrosis, symphasis |
| what cartilaginous joint has bands of hyaline cartilage? | synchondrosis joint |
| What functional classification and a location of synchondrosis joint? | synarthrotic, ex. epiphyseal plate or manubrium/costal cartilage |
| what cartilaginous joint has a pad of fibrocartilage between bones? | amphiarthrotic, ex. pubic symphasis, intervertebral discs |
| How many types of synovial joints are there? | 6 types |
| what synovial joint is only found in 1 place? | saddle joint |
| what synovial joint rotates within rings of another bone? | pivot joint |
| what synovial joint moves in one plane? | hinge joint |
| what synovial joint allows sliding back/forth? | plane joint |
| what synovial joint has a oval condyle that fits in a elliptical cavity? | condylar joint |
| what synovial joint has a round head that fits in a cup shaped cavity? | ball/socket joint |
| example of a ball/socket joint? | shoulder or hip |
| example of a condylar joint? | metacarpal/phalangeal |
| ex. of a plane joint? | carpal or tarsal bones |
| ex. of a hing joint? | elbow joint or between phalanges |
| ex. of a pivot joint? | atlas and dens of axis |
| ex. of a saddle joint? | carpal/metacarpal joint of thumb |
| 3 types of functional classifications of joints and definitions? | synarthrotic-immovable, amphiarthrotic-slightly movable, diarthrotic-freely movable |
| what layer of the joint Capsule is composed of ligaments? | outer, fibrous layer |
| what layer of the joint Capsule is the synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid? | inner layer |
| what is the role of articular cartilage in a synovial joint? | resist wear and minimizes friction |
| what is the role of the joint capsule in a synovial joint? | attaches to end of bone at joint and encloses the joint cavity |
| what is the role of a ligament in a synovial joint? | reinforces joint capsule, tightens when joint is compressed |
| what is the role of the synovial membrane in a synovial joint? | inner layer of joint capsule, secretes synovial fluid |
| what is the role of menisci in a synovial joint? | cushion, distribute body weight |
| what is the role of bursae in a synovial joint? | cushion/aid movement of tendons |
| Shoulder Joint : what type of joint and ligaments? | ball/socket Ligs : coracohumeral, glenohumeral, transverse humeral |
| Elbow Joint : what type of joints and ligaments? | hinge joint and plane joint Ligs : radial collateral, ulnar collateral, anular |
| Shoulder Joint : what are the parts of this joint? | ball/socket, head of humerus and glenoid cavity of scapula |
| Elbow Joint : what are the parts of these joints? | hinge, trochlea notch of humerus and trochlear notch of ulna plane, capitulum of humerus and fovea head of radius |
| Hip Joint : what type of joint and ligaments? | ball/socket Ligs : iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral |
| Knee Joint : what type of joint and ligaments? | hinge joint and plane joint Ligs : patellar, oblique popliteal, acruate, tibial collateral, fibular collateral, anterior cruciate, posterior cruciate |
| Hip Joint : what are the parts of this joint? | head of femur and acetabulum of hip bone |
| Knee Joint : what are the parts of these joints? | hinge, femur/tibia plane, femur/patella |
| Structure of Muscle : what are the types of filaments? | actin (thin) and myosin (thick) |
| Structure of Muscle : small to big | filaments, myofibril, muscle fiber, fascicle, muscle |
| What is the sarcoplasmic reticulum? | walls of this are loaded with Ca pumps, Ca channels, and storage of Ca. |
| What structure overlies a muscle fiber/cells? | sarcoplasmic reticulum |
| what is the name of the muscle cell membrane? | sarcolemma |
| what CT surrounds each muscle cell? | endomysium |
| what CT surrounds each fascicle? | perimysium |
| what CT surrounds each muscle? | epimysium |
| what is the name of the band of CT that connects muscle to bone? | tendon |
| what is the name of the neurotransmitter that is used in muscle contraction? | acetocholine |
| what is the name of the enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitter in muscle contraction? | acetycholinesterase |
| what is the function of an axon in muscle contraction? | action potential travels along this |
| what is the function of a motor neuron in muscle contraction? | to carry ach and release it at the end plate |
| what is the function of the sarcolemma in muscle contraction? | ach binds to the receptors, and Na channels open |
| what is the function of a T-tubule in muscle contraction? | ach travels through this and it brings it from sarcolemma to the sarcoplasmic reticulum |
| what is the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle contraction? | to disperse ach through the whole cell, and to release Ca |
| what is the function of Sodium in muscle contraction? | changes the charge in a muscle cell, creates another action potential |
| what is the function of Calcium in muscle contraction? | binds to troponin to free Actin binding sites |
| what is the function of Myosin in muscle contraction? | the heads attach to actin and it releases ADP |
| what is the function of an Troponin in muscle contraction? | when Ca attaches to it it wraps up and pulls tropomyosin off to free Actin binding sites |
| Without these, muscles would be constantly contracted? | Troponin and tropomysin |
| What is the function of the tricep muscles? | extension of the arm at the elbow |
| What is the function of the bicep muscles? | flexion of the arm at the elbow |
| What is the function of the quadriceps? | extension of leg at knee |
| What is the function of the hamstrings? | flexion of leg at knee |
| What is the role of creatine phosphate? | helps regenerate ATP from ADP + P ATP and creatine phosphate stimulate 10s of intense contraction |
| which color of muscle fiber is slow twitch? | red muscle fibers |
| which color of muscle fiber is fast twitch? | white muscle fibers |
| what makes red muscle fibers red? | abundant amt of myoglobin |
| major points of skeletal muscle? | striated, multi-nucleated, uses ACH, attaches to bone |
| major points of smooth muscle? | shorter, 1 central nucleus, spindle shaped, lacks striations and T-tubules, stimulated by hormones, triggered by stretching/distention and resistant to fatigue |
| major points of cardiac muscle? | found in heart, self-exciting and rythmic |
| what are the 2 types of muscle contraction? | isotonic- changes shape isometric - doesn't change shape |
| 2 types of muscle contraction that changes shape? | ISOTONIC : concentric-shortening, eccentric-lengthening |
| What is the linea alba? | thin band of C tissue that runs down the front of the abdomen |
Created by:
jada.strohman
Popular Anatomy sets