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Komete Kunluecharkor
Anatomy Assignment 2 - Respiratory system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the primary function of the respiratory system? | The primary function is to facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the external environment. |
| What are the main components of the respiratory system? | The main components include the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and diaphragm. |
| How does the diaphragm contribute to breathing? | The diaphragm contracts and relaxes, creating changes in thoracic volume and causing inhalation and exhalation. |
| What is the purpose of the mucociliary escalator in the respiratory system? | It helps to trap and move particles and mucus upward to prevent them from reaching the lungs. |
| How is air humidified and warmed as it enters the respiratory system? | The nasal passages moisten and warm the air as it passes through. |
| What is the role of surfactant in the lungs? | Surfactant reduces surface tension in the alveoli, preventing their collapse and promoting efficient gas exchange. |
| How are oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanged in the lungs? | Through the process of diffusion across the alveolar-capillary membrane. |
| What is the purpose of the respiratory center in the brainstem? | It regulates the rate and depth of breathing in response to changing oxygen and carbon dioxide levels. |
| What is the term for the process of gas exchange between blood and tissues? | Internal respiration. |
| What is the medical term for the windpipe? | Trachea |
| How do inhalation and exhalation differ in terms of muscle contraction? | Inhalation involves the contraction of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles, while exhalation is typically a passive process. |
| What is the function of the pleurae in the lungs? | The pleurae create a friction-reducing, airtight seal between the lungs and chest wall. |
| What is the condition characterized by the collapse of one or more areas of the lung? | Atelectasis. |
| How does the respiratory system contribute to acid-base balance in the body? | By regulating the levels of carbon dioxide, which influences blood pH. |
| What are the primary components of the upper respiratory system? | Nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx. |
| What separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity? | The hard and soft palates |
| Where does gas exchange primarily occur in the respiratory system? | In the alveoli of the lungs |
| What is the function of the trachea? | It conducts air from the larynx to the bronchi. |
| How many lobes does the right lung have, and how many does the left lung have? | The right lung has three lobes, and the left lung has two lobes. |
| What is the term for the tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs? | Alveoli. |
| Where are the vocal cords located in the respiratory system? | In the larynx. |
| What is the term for the network of capillaries surrounding the alveoli? | Pulmonary capillary network |
| Which cartilage forms the Adam's apple in the larynx? | Thyroid cartilage. |
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komete
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