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Astronomy

Gravity, Earth's motions, seasons and the moon

TermDefinition
Gibbous A moon that is more than half illuminated.
Lunar Month 29.5 days- this is the time it takes the moon to revolve around the earth and rotate on its axis.
Waning A moon that shrinks from a full moon to a new moon. The light is on the left. .
Waxing A moon that grows from a new moon to a full moon. The light is on the right.
Solar Eclipse An event that occurs when the new moon passes in front of the sun.
Lunar Eclipse An event that occurs when the earth’s shadow passes over the full moon.
New moon We see the side of the moon that is not illuminated. The moon is in between the earth and the sun.
Full moon A moon that is 100 % illuminated. The earth is in between the sun and the moon.
Crescent A moon that is less than half illuminated.
23 ½ Degrees The TILT of the Earth and the reason for the seasons.
Gravity A predictable force that acts upon all matter in the universe. The force that holds earth in orbit around the sun.
Solar System Part of the Milky Way galaxy that contains 8 planets, moons, asteroids, and comets that ORBIT the sun (a star).
Revolution The motion of Earth as it ORBITS the sun; takes 365 ¼ days.
Rotation The motion of the Earth spinning on its axis that takes 24 hours. The motion responsible for day and night on earth.
The Big Bang Theory The Universe began from an expanding speck containing time, energy, space and matter over 13 billion years ago.
Summer Solstice The longest day of the year- when the northern hemisphere is tilted toward the sun.
Winter Solstice The shortest day of the year- when the northern hemisphere is tilted away from the sun.
Equinox The first day of fall and spring when the suns light hits the equator and neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the sun.
Latitude Imaginary lines that run north and south of the equator, diving the earth into the northern and southern hemispheres.
Longitude Imaginary lines that run left and right of the prime meridian, dividing the earth into the eastern and western hemisphere
Created by: Mrs. Dormitzer
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