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Unit 6 Chemistry

QuestionAnswer
Chemical Bond Force that holds two atoms together
Atoms try to form an octet (stable arrangement of eight valence electrons in the outer energy level) Gaining or losing valence electrons
Ionic Bond Elecrostatic force that holds oppositley charged particles together
Characteristic of ionic bonding in ionic solids The charge of the compund is neutral and is highly organized
Crystal Lattice A three dimensional geometric arrangement of particles that is highly orgaized. Each ion is surrounded by opposite charged ions which results in strong attraction
1+ charge of ion Group 1
2+ charge of ion Group 2
3- charge of ion Group 15
2- charge of ion Group 16
3- charge of ion Group 17
Cations loses one valence electron. Ex) 2p6 3S1 = 2p6
Anions gains one valence electron. Ex) 2p6 = 2p6 3S1
positive ions formed from the loss of elecrons to form an octet
negative ions formed from gaining electrons to form an ctet
Transition metals achieve ion formation Typically lose their s electrons to form a 2+ charge and somtimes lose electrons from the d sublevel. Ex) 4S2 3D6 = 3D6
explanation of Cations, Anions, and electron configurations Cations are positive, so they must lose electrons to become neutral. Anions are negative, so they must gain electrons to become neutral.
Example of a Cation and electron configurations Na : 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1, Na+: 1s2 2s2 2p6
Ionic Compund Compund that contains an ionic bond. Ex) NaCl
General properties of ionic compunds Repeating patter of Cations and Anions surrounding each other. Ex) crystal lattice
strength and examples of ionic bonds very strong. Ex) high melting point, high boiling point, strong brittle solids
lattice energy size compounds with higher charges on the ions have more lattice energy
general properties and lattice energy the more lattice energy an ionic bond has, the stronger the general properties are
four rules for writing a formula unit for an ionic compound 1. cations symbol then anions symbol. 2. subscripts = number of atoms in each elements. 3. charge must equal zero. 4. must have parenthesis if more than one (polyatomic ions) in compound
five rules for nameing an ionic compound 1. cation then anion. 2. use element name (monatomic). 3. use suffix ide (monatomic). 4. use roman numerals. 5. name cation then polyatomic
metallic bond bond between the positive metal cations and the delocalized valence electrons. the electron sea model describes how the valence electrons in a metal lattice are shared among all the cations. they can move freely
five direct properties of metals that are a result of metallic bonding very strong, high melting and boiling points, malleable and ductile, good conductivity.
alloys homogeneous mixture of elements with metallic properties. substitutional (brass and bronze) or interstital (steel and cast iron)
compare ionic and metallic bonds both bond in a crystal lattice structure. both have cations but ionic has anions and metallic has delocalized electrons
Created by: user-1774333
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