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Health Geo Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Subclinical Condition | Does Not Occur Under The Skin |
| Typhus | Water-[un]washed disease |
| 1920 | Diphtheria Vaccine Was Introduced |
| Facts about using maps | features should "tell a story", be generalized or simplified |
| Study of disease ecology | Studies physical, social, and biological environments. |
| Cause of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever | Wood Ticks |
| Stage four of the demographic transition model | low fertility rates [below 2 children], elderly population is higher than the youth. |
| dependent variables | depend on the other variable and change based off of it. |
| Cause of Lyme Disease | Bacteria Infection through ticks |
| Region with the highest concentration of Lyme Disease in 2007 | Northeast |
| Biggest cause of death in NYC since the 1940s | cardiovascular disease |
| how many independent variables can be tested in a controlled experiment? | One |
| Highest concentration of meth abusers in 2008? | Midwest/West |
| What increased after the construction of the what dam? | Schistosomiasis; Aswan |
| 14 Years | life expectancy improved by in the US from 1940s to 2000s |
| Spatial Analysis Definition and Example | "Spatial Data Production"; Geocoding |
| Malaria Vector | Genus Anopheles; female; mosquito |
| Air Quality | Not a human factor of disease distribution and security |
| Disease transmission patterns dictated by mobility patterns | Contact, Hierarchical, Relocation |
| Positive Spatial Autocorrelation | Nearby/Neighboring areas are more alike |
| Example of Active Immunity | Vaccination |
| High Concertation of the Rocky Mountain Wood Tick | Northwest |
| Part of the first phase of the Zelensky Mobility Phase | Local circulation Only |
| What variable do you want to study or measure? | Dependent Variable |
| What countries have fewer percentage of injuries? | high-income |
| What increased after the construction of what in Brazil? | Vectored Diseases; transportation routes |
| 1963 | Measles Vaccine Introduced |
| Spatial Data Analysis Definition and Example | "Spatial Statistics"; Hot-Spot/Clustering |
| What are vectors? | Living agents that transmit pathogens |
| climate | not a part of landscape epidemiology |
| Japan and Eastern Europe | belong to the Accelerated Epidemiological Transition Model |
| vector data model | points, lines, polygons, shapefiles, areas, regions |
| Study of ecology | studies living organisms and their relationship between the biotic and abiotic environments. |
| Schools | Habitat factor of disease distribution and security |
| Neonatal | leading cause of death of children 5 and under |
| Spatial Analysis | Geocoding, Buffering/Overlay, Sampling/Subsetting, Proximity/network distance, and mapping |
| Chagas Disease Cause | Protozoan Infection through the reduviid bug |
| Most cases of malaria | Sub-Sahara Africa |
| Lowest Life Expectancy At Birth 2003 | Sub-Sahara Africa |
| Spatial Data Analysis | ESDA, Clustering/Hot-Spot, Autocorrelation, Spatial/Geostatistical Modeling |
| When many people in a community are immune normally by vaccine, so others who are not immune are less likely to get sick | herd Immunity |
| Lyme Disease Symptoms | "Bulls eye" rash, swollen lymphnodes, fever, chills, [not cough] |
| Stage two of Orman's epidemiological transition model | Epidemics cause death, nutrition and food increase, more people leave farms to work in factories, [not subsidence ecosystems] |
| What a pattern is. | frequent arrangement, regular, rule or law, trend, shows irregularity |
| Jacques May | Father of medical geography in the US |
| Age that is more at risk with the Rocky Mountain Spotted fever | 5-9 years old |
| Share a higher percentage among adult population in developed countries than those in developing countries. | noncommunicable diseases |
| not a pattern | random, w/o rule, accidental, casual |
| typically persists over a long period time and is not curable | chronic disease |
| included in a silent zone | vector and agent |
| highest percentage of senior population | japan |
| cartographer | communication; beauty and accuracy |
| cause of schistosomiasis | fluke infection through snail |
| Salmonella | Water-borne disease |
| international migration of professionals | fourth phase of the zelinsky mobility phase |
| Choropleth Map | areas are colored or shaded to represent density of a particular phenomenon |
| Morality measures what? | incidence of death in a population |
| chronic condition | persists over a long period of time examples are diabetes and heart |
| infectious disease | short duration. examples are flu or cold |
| hantavirus cause | mouse or rodents |
| physical insult example | radiation |
| ___increased after___for___in Malaysia | malaria; land clearance; rubber plantations |
| what can cause an outbreak of malaria where it had been eliminated? | mosquitos can become resistant to pesticides, migration of population due to war, malarial parasites can be resistant to quinine |
| What contributed to the US termination of Malaria? | Built houses made of glass, brick, screen, a.c., and indoor plumbing. sprayed houses with DDT after 1945. Drain glaciated land for crops. used railroads for transportation instead of canals. Did not Vaccinate all americans. |
| stage two of the demographic transition model? | high birth rates, low death rates, introduction of modern medicine, rapid population growth, many LCDs. |
| Germany | belongs to the classical epidemiological transition model |
| whopping cough vaccine introduced and widely used in the US | late 1940s |
| stage one of the demographic transition model? | high birth and death rates. fairly constant population size |
| brazil | belongs to the delayed epidemiological transition model |
| US adults with regular physical activity in the US 2002 | women |
| Influenza A | Infects humans, horses, birds, swine |
| how does a new infection through a population move? | starts slow, moves rapidly, then ends slow |
| concept of distance decay | places that are closer to the source = higher incidence of death |
| barrier of disease diffusion | border control |
| chloroquine | method used to combat malaria |
| type of diffusion | hierarchical, relocation, expansion |
| reasons for emerging diseases | food/drought, drug resistance, globalization of food supply |
| combat methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus | broad-spectrum antibiotics |
| SIR Model | susceptible, infected, removed |
| Combat Infection | Administering Vaccine |
| Disease Diffusion | Spread of disease into new locations |
| infection spreads into a new area | leaving behind the source |
| Ro | Basic Reproductive Rate |
| Infects humans only | influenza B |
| contributes to the reduction of disease spread | good public health education |
| examples of diffusion | COVID-19, Spanish Flu, Common Cold |
| what can be used to cure people with tuberculosis? | antibiotics |
| what disease organisms evolve to become more benign over time to reach a state of commensalism with the host? | Chickenpox |
| What can pass from one organism to another? | Infectious disease |
| What places have higher zoonotic pathogens from wildlife in the world? | India, East China, Southeast Africa, West Africa |
| what places have higher zoonotic pathogens from non-wildlife in the world? | East China and North India |
| What is a good example of the underlying driver for SARS? | Air Travel |
| Persistent Disease | Guinea Worm |
| Infectious Diseases are? | Contagious |
| What is one way to prevent the spread of an infectious disease? | Washing your hands |
| What is part of ecological change that infects diseases? | Dams |
| Re-emerging disease | West Nile |
| What is a scientific name for any organism that causes an infectious disease? | Pathogen |
| what reduces the spread of malaria? | bed net |
| what can host influenza? | bird, farm animals, swine, poultry |
| zika and chickenpox are caused by | viruses |
| what factors lead to creating new infectious diseases? | co-infection of a single host, a sudden change in the antigens, animal host virus has a mutation that enables human infection. |
| what is the most common infectious disease in the US? | Common cold |
| example of direct contact | shaking hands |
| What was the source that the WHO first learned about the coronavirus outbreak from? | Social Media |
| What was the date of the first COVID patient based on The Lancet in 2020? | 10/23/2019 |
| Who criticized Trump's nationwide travel ban from China in early 2020? | Joe Biden and Chinese Officials |
| Why was the university lab in Shanghai shut down by authorities? | punished for unauthorized sharing of the virus genome. |
| What infectious disease killed about 1/3 of the planet's population at the time? | 1918 Spanish Flu |
| all received funds to develop the vaccine. | Moderna, AstraZeneca, Johnson and Johnson, Novavax |
| Who was the scientist who escaped from China and claimed that COVID-19 was made in the Wuhan Lab? | Dr. Li-Meng Yan |
| What date did Wuhan lock down to make an effort to quarantine COVID? | 1/23/2020 |
Created by:
mag_piez
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