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Momentum and Energy
Non Contact Forces
Term | Definition |
---|---|
energy | the ability to cause change. |
kinetic energy | energy that moves. |
potential energy | energy that something has because of its position or energy that has not yet been used. |
mechanical energy | the total amount of energy an object or group of objects has based on their motion or position. |
thermal energy | energy that comes from heat. |
electrical energy | energy that an electric current carries. |
nuclear energy | energy that is stored in the nucleus of an atom. |
chemical energy | energy that is released from a chemical reaction |
radiation | The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves. |
conduction | the movement of heat through direct contact. |
convection | movement in a fluid where the warmer parts move up and the colder parts move down. |
Momentum | mass x velocity |
impulse | change in momentum |
work | force x distance |
Joule | A unit of work equal to one newton-meter |
graviational potential energy | mass x gravity x height |
elastic potential energy | Energy stored by something that can stretch or compress |
Electromagnetic Energy | A form of energy that travels through space as waves |
energy conservation | The practice of reducing energy use |
heat | The energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures |
Temperature | A measure of the average energy of motion of the particles of a substance. |
absolute zero | The temperature at which no more energy can be removed from matter - 0 kelvins |
thermal expansion | an increase in size of a substance in response to the increase of temperature of a substance |
Thermodynamics | study of the flow and transformation of energy in the universe |
specific heat | The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree celcius |