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Unit 7 - ancientRome
Lesson 22, 23, 24, and 25
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Unit 7 - Ancient Rome | |
| Lesson 22 - The Rise of the Roman Republic | |
| Describe the 2 classes that divided the Roman society. | Patricians + plebeians were the 2 classes that divided Roman society. Patricians were a group of upper-class, wealthy landowners. Plebeians were 95% of Rome's population + were mostly peasants, laborers, craftspeople, and shopkeepers. |
| What citizens were allowed to participate in the government? | Even though the creation of the republic made Rome a more democratic form of government, only the patricians were able to participate in that government. |
| Define the Conflict of Orders. | The plebeians had to unite and fight for what they wanted. The struggle between patricians and plebeians is known as the Conflict of Orders. |
| How did the plebeians gain political equality? | The plebeians gained political equality by revolting. This led to a major change in the Roman government. The patricians agreed to allow the plebeians to elect officials called Tribunes of the Plebs and the Council of Plebs. |
| Describe the role of women in the Roman society. | Women in Rome were citizens but didn't have equal rights + couldn't vote or hold office. Many patrician women however, managed to apply political influence through men, or rose to important positions anyway. They were also active participants in business. |
| lesson 23 - From Republic to Empire | |
| What main event took place during the first period of expansion? | 1st period - The Romans rebelled against the Etruscans and Rome became a republic. The Romans conquered central Italy, and by 264 B.C.E., they controlled entirely. |
| Describe the main battle fought in the second period of expansion. | Throughout the 2nd period of expansion, Rome fought Carthage in the 3 Punic Wars. As a result, Rome gained North Africa, most of Spain, and Sicily. Rome also conquered Macedonia and Greece. |
| What happened in the third period of the Roman Empire's expansion? | In the 3rd period of expansion, Rome took control of Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt, and Gaul. Julius Caesar = dictator for the rest of his life. After Julius Caesar was assassinated, Octavian seized power, becoming the first emperor, Caesar Augustus. |
| What resulted from Julius Caesar's assassination? | The murder of Caesar dove Rome into a sea of civil wars that lasted over 10 years. When the fighting ended, Caesar's grandnephew and adopted son Octavian was the rightful ruler of Rome. This began the Roman Empire and Rome's fourth period of expansion. |
| Describe the fourth period of expansion. | During the 4th period of expansion, the emperors continued to add more new territory. At its height, around 117 C.E., the Roman Empire reached from Britain to the present-day Middle East. |
| lesson 24 - Daily Life in the Roman Empire | |
| Describe daily life in Ancient Rome. | Almost one million people lived in the city of Rome. The Forum was its center. Although the empire had many large cities, most people lived in the country. |
| What was the significance of the Twelve Tables? | The Twelve Tables became the basis for later Roman law. They were a written code that assured equal protection under the law. It established the idea that all free citizens had a right to the protection of the law. |
| What was the purpose of gladiator events? | Gladiator events were used by the Roman empire to distract and control the Roman citizens. The government provided many free events to keep them occupied. They believed that if their citizens watch people die so often, it'd make them used to seeing death. |
| What was family life like in ancient Rome? | Family life in Rome was ruled by the paterfamilias, or “father of the family.” A Roman father’s word was the law in his own home. Even his grown sons and daughters had to obey him. |
| Compare the patricians' homes to the plebeians' homes. | Patricians - They were rich and lived extremely well, usually having both a city home and a country home called a villa. Plebeians - Poor people crowded into old tenements, where fire was a very common threat. |
| lesson 25 - the Legacy of Rome in the Modern World | |
| Name the main reasons for the fall of the western Roman Empire. | Some of the main reasons for the fall of the western Roman Empire were poor leadership, barbarian invasion, the government, the hiring of mercenaries, major economic problems, moral decay, and Roman laws. |
| Describe Roman philosophy and law. | Roman ideals, such as Stoicism, the rule of law, and justice, shaped law and government in many modern nations. Examples include today's law courts and documents, such as the U.S. Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution. |
| Name ancient Rome's major achievements. | Ancient Rome's major achievements were engineering, latin language, Roman legal systems or laws, the government, and realism. |
| Why was the eastern Roman Empire able to last but not the western side? | The eastern part of the Roman empire survived because it held the empire’s centers of trade, knowledge, laws, culture, and wealth. Rome’s new capital; Constantinople was also well protected and away from attack and the rest of Rome. |
| What was Greco-Roman culture? | Greco-Roman culture was the mixing of elements from Greek, Hellenistic, and Roman cultures. |
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erome
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