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Chemistry

Soluble & Insoluble Salts

QuestionAnswer
acid + metal = salt + H2
acid + metal oxide = salt + H2O
acid + metal hydroxide = salt + H2O
acid + metal carbonate = salt + H2O + CO2
acid + ammonia = ammonium salt
Acid is a proton _________ and a base is a proton ___________ donor, acceptor
Describe the excess base method 1Warm acid while adding base/metal 2Add base/metal until in excess 3Filter to remove excess unreacted base/metal 4Evaporate some water from remaining salt solution to form saturated solution 5Allow solution to cool + form crystals
What is meant by the term 'saturated solution'? A solution with the maximum amount of solute dissolved in it at that given temperature
Why performing the excess base method, why do crystals form when the hot, saturated solution cools? the salt becomes less soluble in the cold, highly concentrated solution so settles at the bottom
Why should crystals not be dried by direct heating with bunsen burner? water of crystallisation will be removed and anhydrous powder would be leftover
Give the colour of universal indicator in acid/neutral/alkali red/green/blue-purple
Give the colour of phenolphthalein in acid/neutral/alkali colourless/colourless/pink
Give the colour of methyl orange in acid/neutral/alkali red/pink-orange/yellow
Give the colour of litmus in acid/alkali red/blue
Give the solubility rules - All group 1 + ammonium compounds - All nitrates - All halides EXCEPT Ag and Pb(II) halides - All sulphates EXCEPT Ba, Pb, Ca
Give the insolubility rules - AgCl, AgBr, AgI, PbCl2, PbBr2, PbI2 - BaSO4, PbSO4, CaSO4 - All carbonates EXCEPT group 1 and ammonium - All hydroxides EXCEPT group 1 and ammonium
Created by: JoeMather
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